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La reconstrucción espacio-temporal de los rituales de entierro de la cerámica de cuerda y el vaso de la campana
Quentin P J Bourgeois1, Florian Helmecke1, Louise Olerud1
1Faculty of Archaeology, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 2, 2333CC Leiden, Netherlands.
Science advances
|August 20, 2025
Resumen
La propagación de las tradiciones funerarias de la cerámica con cuerda (CW) y la copa de campana (BB) en la Europa prehistórica no se alineó con la migración de la ascendencia de las estepas. Estos ritos culturales se extendieron rápidamente e independientemente antes de una consolidación en todo el continente.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Arqueología
- Genética de las poblaciones
- La Europa prehistórica
Sus antecedentes:
- La relación entre la dispersión de la innovación cultural y la propagación genética es un desafío clave en la arqueología prehistórica.
- El tercer milenio aC vio cambios culturales significativos en Europa, incluidas las tradiciones Corded Ware (CW) y Bell Beaker (BB).
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar las dinámicas espaciotemporales de las tradiciones funerarias de la cerámica con cuerda (CW) y del vaso de campana (BB) en toda Europa.
- Examinar la relación entre la difusión de estas tradiciones funerarias y la afluencia de la ascendencia de la estepa.
Principales métodos:
- Compilé un conjunto de datos de 967 fechas de radiocarbono de los entierros.
- Estimación aplicada de la densidad del núcleo y estimación lineal óptima para analizar patrones espaciotemporales.
Principales resultados:
- La adopción de los ritos funerarios CW y BB no está sincronizada con la propagación de la ascendencia de la estepa.
- La evidencia sugiere que estas tradiciones funerarias se extendieron rápidamente y polifocalmente entre las comunidades dispersas.
- Una fase de consolidación en todo el continente se produjo alrededor de 2600 aC para CW y 2400 aC para BB.
Conclusiones:
- Los patrones de dispersión cultural y genética pueden ser asíncronos.
- La rápida difusión polifocal de las tradiciones CW y BB sugiere cambios sociales amplios y simultáneos en las sociedades europeas prealfabetizadas.
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