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Protein Diffusion in the Membrane01:24

Protein Diffusion in the Membrane

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Proteins show rotational as well as lateral diffusion across the membrane. The lateral diffusion of proteins was confirmed through the cell fusion experiment where mouse and human cells were fused, resulting in hybrid cells. When the human and mouse cells fused, the specific membrane proteins on human and mouse cells were marked with the red and green-fluorescent markers, respectively. Initially, the red and green fluorescence was located on the respective hemisphere of the cell. As time...
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Diffusion01:12

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Diffusion is the passive movement of substances down their concentration gradients—requiring no expenditure of cellular energy. Substances, such as molecules or ions, diffuse from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration in the cytosol or across membranes. Eventually, the concentration will even out, with the substance moving randomly but causing no net change in concentration. Such a state is called dynamic equilibrium, which is essential for maintaining overall...
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Theories of Dissolution: The Danckwerts' Model and Interfacial Barrier Model01:09

Theories of Dissolution: The Danckwerts' Model and Interfacial Barrier Model

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Various dissolution theories provide insight into the factors that influence the dissolution rate. Danckwerts' Model suggests that turbulence, rather than a stagnant layer, characterizes the dissolution medium at the solid-liquid interface. In this model, the agitated solvent contains macroscopic packets that move to the interface via eddy currents, facilitating the absorption and delivery of the drug to the bulk solution. The regular replenishment of solvent packets maintains the...
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Theories of Dissolution: Diffusion Layer Model01:15

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Dissolution, the process by which drug particles dissolve in a solvent, is explained by the diffusion layer model, a theoretical framework that simulates the absorption of oral drugs and allows us to analyze experimental data.
This process starts with a thin layer, saturated with the drug, forming at the interface between the solid and liquid. The solute then diffuses from this layer into the main solution. The Noyes-Whitney equation suggests that the rate of dissolution relies on the diffusion...
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Phase Transitions: Vaporization and Condensation02:39

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The physical form of a substance changes on changing its temperature. For example, raising the temperature of a liquid causes the liquid to vaporize (convert into vapor). The process is called vaporization—a surface phenomenon. Vaporization occurs when the thermal motion of the molecules overcome the intermolecular forces, and the molecules (at the surface) escape into the gaseous state. When a liquid vaporizes in a closed container, gas molecules cannot escape. As these gas phase...
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Passive Diffusion: Overview and Kinetics01:17

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Passive diffusion is a critical process that allows small lipophilic drugs to cross the cell membrane along a concentration gradient. This mechanism's efficiency depends on four primary factors: the membrane's surface area, the drug's lipid-water partition coefficient, the concentration gradient, and the membrane's thickness.
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Video Experimental Relacionado

Updated: Sep 10, 2025

From Fast Fluorescence Imaging to Molecular Diffusion Law on Live Cell Membranes in a Commercial Microscope
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Difusión interfásica en fluidos de dos fases: dinámica local y efectos de tamaño finito

Quang K Loi1, Debra J Searles2

  • 1Centre for Theoretical and Computational Molecular Science, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.

Journal of colloid and interface science
|August 20, 2025
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Los efectos de tamaño finito tienen un impacto significativo en la difusión de fluidos en las interfaces. Las simulaciones de dinámica molecular revelan variaciones locales en la difusión, influenciadas por las propiedades de la interfaz y el tamaño del sistema, imitando fluidos nanoconfinados.

Palabras clave:
Tamaño finitoInterfaz de trabajoDifusión localSeparación de fases

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Química Física
  • Dinámica de fluidos computacional

Sus antecedentes:

  • La difusión a través de interfaces fluido-fluido es crucial para la separación industrial y los procesos biológicos.
  • La estructura de la interfaz local influye fuertemente en la dinámica de difusión.
  • La simulación de estos sistemas puede presentar efectos significativos de tamaño finito debido al confinamiento de la interfaz.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Investigar la dinámica de difusión global y local en las interfaces fluido-fluido.
  • Determinar la influencia de la inmiscibilidad y el tamaño del sistema en la difusión.
  • Para aclarar la naturaleza de los efectos de tamaño finito en tales sistemas.

Principales métodos:

  • Se emplearon simulaciones de dinámica molecular.
  • Se estudió una mezcla binaria de fluidos de Lennard-Jones.
  • Se han simulado diversos grados de inmiscibilidad y tamaños de sistemas.

Principales resultados:

  • Se observaron fuertes variaciones locales en la difusión normal y lateral.
  • La difusión lateral alcanzó su punto máximo en la interfaz; la difusión normal fue más alta en la fase desfavorable.
  • Los efectos de tamaño finito en la difusión mostraron similitudes con los fluidos nanoconfinados.
  • Los efectos hidrodinámicos, un artefacto del tamaño celular, influyeron en la difusión lateral.

Conclusiones:

  • Los efectos de tamaño finito alteran significativamente la dinámica de difusión en las interfaces fluido-fluido.
  • Tanto la distribución de las especies como los artefactos hidrodinámicos contribuyen a estos efectos.
  • Los hallazgos proporcionan información sobre la difusión en sistemas confinados e interfaciales.