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Glia entérica y señalización purinérgica en la salud y la enfermedad

Brian D Gulbransen¹, Alexei Verkhratsky², Vladimir Parpura³

¹Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.

Neuropharmacology

|August 20, 2025

Resumen

La glia entérica, un tipo de neuroglia intestinal, utiliza la señalización purinérgica para la comunicación neuronal y el mantenimiento de la homeostasis intestinal. La desregulación de esta señalización afecta la neuroplasticidad y las enfermedades inflamatorias.

Área de la Ciencia:

La neurociencia
Gastroenterología
Biología celular

Sus antecedentes:

La glia entérica es la neuroglia periférica en el sistema nervioso entérico del intestino.
Mantienen la homeostasis en los neurocircuitos entéricos a través de la comunicación con las neuronas entéricas.
Las purinas son mediadores clave de esta comunicación bidireccional.

Objetivo del estudio:

Revisar el papel de la glia entérica en la señalización purinérgica dentro del sistema nervioso entérico.
Para resaltar la importancia de la señalización purinérgica glial en la fisiología y fisiopatología intestinales.

Principales métodos:

Revisión de la literatura sobre la investigación actual sobre la glia entérica y la señalización purinérgica.
Síntesis de los hallazgos sobre los mecanismos de la comunicación mediada por purinas.
Análisis de la participación de la glia entérica en contextos de enfermedad.

Principales resultados:

La glia entérica regula activamente los niveles de purina extracelular en el intestino.
Los cambios en la señalización purinérgica glial influyen en la neuroplasticidad.
La señalización purinérgica alterada en la glia entérica está relacionada con condiciones inflamatorias.

Conclusiones:

Las células gliales entéricas son jugadores cruciales en la red de señalización purinérgica del sistema nervioso entérico.
La comprensión de la señalización purinérgica glial es vital para abordar las enfermedades intestinales y la neuroplasticidad.

Palabras clave:

Receptores de la adenosina Ca ((2+) señalización La glia entérica Sistema nervioso entérico Receptores P2X Receptores P2Y Señales purinergicas

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