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Biocarbón modificado de barro rojo para la activación del ácido peracético para degradar la sulfametazina: un

Qingnan Zeng¹, Zihong Xu¹, Dele Liang¹

¹Guangdong Education Department Key Laboratory of Resources Comprehensive Utilization and Cleaner Production, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.

Environmental research

|August 20, 2025

Resumen

Este estudio utiliza biocarbón a base de hierro de lodo rojo y desechos de té para activar el ácido peracético, degradando eficientemente el antibiótico sulfametazina en el agua. Este enfoque de "residuo por residuo" ofrece una solución ecológica para la remediación ambiental.

Área de la Ciencia:

Química del medio ambiente
Ciencias de los materiales
Tratamiento del agua

Sus antecedentes:

El lodo rojo acumulado y la contaminación por antibióticos acuáticos representan riesgos ecológicos significativos.
El desarrollo de métodos sostenibles para la valorización de residuos y la degradación de contaminantes es crucial.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para sintetizar un biochar basado en hierro (RMgt800) de lodo rojo y residuos de té.
Investigar la eficacia de RMgt800 en la activación del ácido peracético (PAA) para la degradación de la sulfametazina (SMZ).
Elucidar el mecanismo de degradación y evaluar la aplicabilidad en matrices reales de agua.

Principales métodos:

Co-pirólisis de lodo rojo y residuos de té para producir carbón biológico a base de hierro (RMgt800).
Utilizando el RMgt800 para activar el PAA para la degradación de la SMZ.
El uso de la espectroscopia de resonancia paramagnética de electrones (EPR) para identificar las especies reactivas de oxígeno.
Evaluación de la eficiencia de degradación en presencia de componentes comunes de la matriz de agua.

Principales resultados:

RMgt800 demostró una activación superior de PAA, logrando una eliminación de SMZ del 96,99% en 60 minutos.
La tasa de degradación fue 12,7 veces mayor en comparación con el uso de biochar o lodo rojo solo.
Se identificó el oxígeno singlete (1O2) como el oxidante primario no radical, facilitado por las especies Fe y los grupos -OH.
El sistema mostró una buena estabilidad en Cl− y SO42− pero una inhibición moderada por HCO3− y ácido húmico.

Conclusiones:

El biocarbón a base de hierro desarrollado es un catalizador verde eficaz para la activación de la PAA.
Este método proporciona una estrategia viable para la valorización del lodo rojo y el control de la contaminación acuática por antibióticos.
El estudio pone de relieve un enfoque prometedor para los procesos de oxidación avanzados en el tratamiento del agua.

Palabras clave:

Biocarbón a base de hierro Ácido peracético Lodo rojo Oxígeno singleto Reciclaje de residuos sólidos Sulfadimetazina y sus derivados

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