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Skin Cancer

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...

Pigmentation

Pigmentation

The color of the skin is influenced by a number of pigments, including melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin. Recall that melanin is produced by cells called melanocytes, which are found scattered throughout the stratum basale of the epidermis. The melanin is transferred to the keratinocytes via melanosomes.
Melanin occurs in two primary forms: eumelanin that provides black and brown pigment and pheomelanin that provides red color. Dark-skinned individuals produce more melanin than those with pale...

Mutations

Mutations

Mutations are changes in the sequence of DNA. These changes can occur spontaneously or they can be induced by exposure to environmental factors. Mutations can be characterized in a number of different ways: whether and how they alter the amino acid sequence of the protein, whether they occur over a small or large area of DNA, and whether they occur in somatic cells or germline cells.
Chromosomal Alterations Are Large-Scale Mutations
While point mutations are changes in a single nucleotide in...

Skin Diseases and Disorders

Skin Diseases and Disorders

Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...

Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell

Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell

Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...

Renewal of Skin Epidermal Stem Cells

Renewal of Skin Epidermal Stem Cells

The skin is divided into epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis, the skin's outermost, middle, and inner layers. The human epidermal layer regularly undergoes renewal, where old, dead cells are replaced by new cells. Epidermal stem cells or EpiSCs divide and differentiate to restore the lost cells. For the renewal process, some EpiSCs continuously self-renew. In contrast, few others differentiate into transit-amplifying cells, which later form prickle or spinous cells, followed by granular...

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Pharmacologic Induction of Epidermal Melanin and Protection Against Sunburn in a Humanized Mouse Model

Pharmacologic Induction of Epidermal Melanin and Protection Against Sunburn in a Humanized Mouse Model

Published on: September 7, 2013

Cáncer de piel

Jonathon Firnhaber¹

¹Department of Family Medicine, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, 101 Heart Drive, Greenville, NC 27834, USA.

|August 20, 2025

Resumen

Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Los cánceres de piel no melanoma, incluido el carcinoma de células basales y de células escamosas, son comunes. El melanoma es un cáncer de piel grave y creciente; las lesiones inusuales justifican una alta sospecha clínica.

Palabras clave:

Queratosis actínica Carcinoma de las células basales Melanoma cutáneo El queratoacantoma No melanoma Cáncer de piel Carcinoma de células escamosas

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Área de la Ciencia:

Dermatología
En el campo de la oncología

Sus antecedentes:

El carcinoma de queratinocitos (cáncer de piel no melanoma) es el cáncer maligno humano más común.
Incluye el carcinoma de células basales (BCC) y el carcinoma de células escamosas cutáneas (cSCC).
La incidencia del melanoma cutáneo está aumentando en todo el mundo, lo que plantea una preocupación significativa para la salud.

Objetivo del estudio:

Describir las presentaciones clínicas comunes de los carcinomas de queratinocitos.
Para resaltar la gravedad y el aumento de la incidencia del melanoma cutáneo.
Para enfatizar la importancia de la sospecha clínica para la detección de melanoma.

Principales métodos:

Revisión descriptiva de las características clínicas de los cánceres de piel comunes.
Se hace hincapié en las señales de diagnóstico visual para BCC, CSCC y melanoma.

Principales resultados:

BCC se presenta típicamente como una pápula en forma de cúpula con vasos visibles.
El CSCC aparece comúnmente como una pápula o placa hiperqueratótica firme, a veces ulcerada.
El melanoma requiere una alta sospecha clínica debido a su apariencia variable y a su creciente prevalencia.

Conclusiones:

El reconocimiento temprano de los subtipos de cáncer de piel es crucial para el tratamiento oportuno.
Los médicos deben mantener un alto índice de sospecha de melanoma, especialmente con lesiones atípicas.
Comprender las distintas presentaciones de BCC, cSCC y melanoma ayuda en el diagnóstico.