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Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
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Pigmentation01:19

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The color of the skin is influenced by a number of pigments, including melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin. Recall that melanin is produced by cells called melanocytes, which are found scattered throughout the stratum basale of the epidermis. The melanin is transferred to the keratinocytes via melanosomes.
Melanin occurs in two primary forms: eumelanin that provides black and brown pigment and pheomelanin that provides red color. Dark-skinned individuals produce more melanin than those with pale...
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The first thing a clinician sees is the skin, so the examination of the skin should be part of any thorough physical examination. Most skin disorders are relatively benign, but a few, including melanomas, can be fatal if untreated. A couple of the more noticeable disorders, albinism and vitiligo, affect the appearance of the skin and its accessory organs.
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At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category,...
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Disorders of erythrocytes, or red blood cells (RBCs), include a range of conditions affecting their number, shape, or function.
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Video Experimental Relacionado

Updated: Sep 10, 2025

Quantification of Hypopigmentation Activity In Vitro
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Trastornos de la pigmentación

Ankitaben Han1, Mitchell Bressack2, J Lane Wilson3

  • 1Department of Family Medicine, Rush Health, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.

Primary care
|August 20, 2025
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Este artículo analiza los trastornos de la pigmentación, incluida la hiperpigmentación, la hipopigmentación y la despigmentación. Guía a los médicos de atención primaria en el diagnóstico, el manejo y el reconocimiento de asociaciones sistémicas para mejores resultados para los pacientes.

Palabras clave:
Trastorno de la despigmentaciónTrastorno de la hiperpigmentaciónTrastorno de la hipopigmentaciónHiperpigmentación mixta epidérmica y dérmica

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Dermatología
  • Médico interno

Sus antecedentes:

  • Los trastornos de la pigmentación son diversos, que incluyen hiperpigmentación, hipopigmentación y despigmentación.
  • Estas condiciones presentan etiologías únicas, características clínicas e implicaciones que requieren conocimientos especializados.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Proporcionar a los médicos de atención primaria una visión global de los trastornos pigmentarios.
  • Esbozar enfoques de diagnóstico y estrategias de manejo para presentaciones comunes y raras.

Principales métodos:

  • Revisión de la literatura sobre los trastornos pigmentarios.
  • Síntesis de información sobre fisiopatología, características clínicas, diagnóstico y tratamiento.
  • Se hace hincapié en el papel del médico de atención primaria y en los criterios de derivación dermatológica.

Principales resultados:

  • Descripción detallada de la hiperpigmentación, la hipopigmentación y la despigmentación.
  • Orientación sobre el diagnóstico y las intervenciones terapéuticas.
  • Destacando la importancia de identificar las asociaciones sistémicas.

Conclusiones:

  • Los médicos de atención primaria requieren conocimientos actualizados sobre los trastornos pigmentarios para un manejo eficaz de los pacientes.
  • El reconocimiento temprano de las asociaciones sistémicas y las presentaciones raras es crucial para la intervención y la remisión oportunas.