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Magnets are commonly found in everyday objects, such as toys, hangers, elevators, doorbells, and computer devices. Experimentation on these magnets shows that all magnets have two poles: one is labeled north (N) and the other south (S). Magnetic poles repel if they are alike and attract if unlike. Moreover, both poles of a magnet attract unmagnetized pieces of iron.
An individual magnetic pole cannot be isolated. No matter how small, every piece of a magnet contains a north pole and a south...
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Paramagnetism01:30

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Paramagnets are materials with unpaired electrons that possess a finite magnetic moment. In the absence of a magnetic field, these moments are randomly oriented, and thus the net moment is zero. Under an external field, a torque acting on the moments tends to align them along the field's direction. However, the random thermal motion of electrons produces a torque opposite to the external field and tries to disorient the moments. These two competing effects align only a few moments along the...
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Magnetic Force01:18

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In addition to the electric forces between electric charges, moving electric charges exert magnetic forces on each other. A magnetic field is created by a moving charge or a group of moving charges known as the electric current. A magnetic force is experienced by a second current or moving charge in response to this magnetic field. Fundamentally, interactions between moving electrons in the atoms of two bodies produce magnetic forces between them.
The magnetic force acting on a moving charge...
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Magnetic Susceptibility and Permeability01:31

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In linear magnetic materials, like paramagnets and diamagnets, magnetization is proportional to the magnetic field intensity. The constant of proportionality, a dimensionless number, is called magnetic susceptibility. The value of the susceptibility depends on the type of material.
When diamagnetic materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Hence, the susceptibility for diamagnets has a minimal negative value of 10-5–10-6. Since...
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Other Unique Bacteria01:18

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Magnetic bacteria exhibit a directed movement called magnetotaxis, driven by structures called magnetosomes. These magnetosomes consist of chains of magnetic particles made of either magnetite (Fe₃O₄) or greigite (Fe₃S₄) and are organized in a linear conformation by a protein scaffold within invaginations of the cell membrane. The bacteria align along the north–south magnetic field lines, much like a compass needle. They are typically microaerophilic or anaerobic...
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Updated: May 4, 2026

Origami Inspired Self-assembly of Patterned and Reconfigurable Particles
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Metasuperficies Kirigami magnéticas con multifuncionalidades reprogramadas

Jian Wang1,2, Xingyi Song2, Xiu Jia3

  • 1School of Mechatronic Engineering, Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University, Guangzhou 510665, P. R. China.

ACS nano
|August 21, 2025
PubMed
Resumen

Las metasuperficies kirigami magnéticas (MKM) ofrecen capacidades inalámbricas y multifuncionales mediante la reprogramación de patrones de magnetización. Estos nuevos dispositivos permiten diversas aplicaciones, incluido el cifrado de información, la manipulación de la luz y el control de gotas, superando las limitaciones de los sistemas atados tradicionales.

Palabras clave:
Cifrado de la informaciónmanipulación de la luzmanipulación de líquidosla meta-superficie del kirigami magnéticomultifuncionalidad reprogramada

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Metasuperficies y nanotecnología
  • Ciencias de los materiales
  • Física aplicada

Sus antecedentes:

  • Las metasuperficies de Kirigami ofrecen propiedades reconfigurables, pero están limitadas a nanoescala y generalmente requieren métodos de reconfiguración atados.
  • Los sistemas existentes tienen aplicaciones en modulación de ondas, manipulación de luz y gotas y actuadores, pero carecen de control inalámbrico y multifuncionalidad.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Introducir metasurfaces de kirigami magnéticos (MKM) con capacidades inalámbricas, reprogramables y multifuncionales.
  • Demostrar el potencial de los MKM para diversas aplicaciones más allá de las limitaciones actuales.

Principales métodos:

  • Fabricación de meta-superficies de kirigami magnético (MKM, por sus siglas en inglés).
  • Reprogramando los patrones de magnetización en respuesta a los campos magnéticos externos.
  • Demostración de control inalámbrico para varias funciones.

Principales resultados:

  • Las MKM exhiben capacidades multifuncionales, incluida la visualización de patrones reprogramables para el cifrado de información.
  • La manipulación controlada de la luz (transmitancia, reflexión, coloración estructural, fluorescencia) se logra de forma inalámbrica.
  • Se demuestra la manipulación versátil de gotas, incluida la generación de patrones, la captura / liberación y el patrón de nanopartículas.

Conclusiones:

  • Los MKM proporcionan una plataforma novedosa para dispositivos inalámbricos y multifuncionales, superando las limitaciones de las metasuperficies de kirigami atadas.
  • Este trabajo abre caminos para diseñar dispositivos avanzados de kirigami para diversas aplicaciones, incluida la nanociencia.