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Biomarcadores novedosos para evaluar la exposición al moho en niños con asma
Lalith K Silva1, Cody A Newman1, Idris J Wazeerud-Din1
1Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Resumen
La 2-hexanona sérica es un biomarcador prometedor para la exposición reciente al moho en el hogar. Este hallazgo respalda las investigaciones de salud pública sobre el moho en interiores y sus impactos en la salud, especialmente en las comunidades vulnerables.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud del medio ambiente
- Descubrimiento de biomarcadores
- Toxicología
Sus antecedentes:
- El moho doméstico es una preocupación significativa para la salud ambiental, especialmente después de desastres naturales como huracanes o inundaciones.
- La intrusión de agua en los hogares puede provocar el crecimiento de moho, lo que representa un riesgo para la salud de los ocupantes.
- Se necesita un biomarcador fiable para la exposición al moho en interiores para ayudar a las investigaciones de salud pública.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Identificar posibles biomarcadores para la exposición reciente al moho en el interior de los niños con asma.
- Investigar la asociación entre el moho doméstico y el daño causado por el agua y los compuestos orgánicos volátiles microbianos específicos (COVm) en el suero.
Principales métodos:
- Se analizaron muestras de suero de 132 niños con asma en busca de seis mVOC utilizando espectrometría de masas por cromatografía de gases (GC-MS).
- Se evaluaron las asociaciones entre los daños causados por el moho y el agua y los niveles de COVm utilizando análisis de regresión.
- Se midió la cotinina urinaria para evaluar la exposición al humo de tabaco en interiores como un posible factor de confusión.
Principales resultados:
- Los niños que vivían en hogares en los que se había reportado daño por moho o agua tenían concentraciones séricas significativamente más altas de 2-hexanona (aumento del 32%).
- Los niveles más altos de cotinina urinaria (que indican una mayor exposición al humo del tabaco) se asociaron con niveles elevados de 2-etil-1-hexanol sérico.
- El tabaquismo reportado en interiores se relacionó con niveles séricos más altos de 2-etil-1-hexanol.
Conclusiones:
- La 2-hexanona sérica es un biomarcador prometedor para la exposición reciente al moho en el hogar.
- Un índice de mVOC detectables también muestra potencial como biomarcador para la exposición al moho.
- Estos biomarcadores podrían complementar los métodos existentes para evaluar la exposición al moho en entornos de salud pública.
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