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Una visión holística del proceso de la epidemia de COVID-19: comportamiento para dejar de fumar, proceso epidémico y
Muammer Albayrak1, Ahmet Albayrak2
1Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey.
Health systems (Basingstoke, England)
|August 21, 2025
Resumen
Este estudio encontró que, si bien la educación superior y los ingresos se correlacionan con una mejor adaptación al COVID-19, ni las enfermedades crónicas ni la adicción al tabaco aumentaron la probabilidad de dejar de fumar durante la pandemia.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud pública
- Epidemiología
- Ciencias del comportamiento
Sus antecedentes:
- La pandemia de COVID-19 presentó desafíos únicos para la salud pública, lo que afectó los comportamientos de salud.
- Comprender los factores que influyen en las decisiones de salud, como dejar de fumar, es crucial durante las epidemias.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Examinar las tendencias para dejar de fumar entre las personas con diferentes niveles de dependencia de la nicotina durante la pandemia de COVID-19.
- Identificar las variables clave que afectan la percepción del riesgo de COVID-19.
Principales métodos:
- Datos de encuesta en línea recopilados de 898 participantes en Turquía (mayores de 18 años) entre el 8 de noviembre y el 20 de diciembre de 2021.
- Análisis de factores demográficos, estado de tabaquismo, presencia de enfermedades crónicas y percepción del riesgo de COVID-19.
Principales resultados:
- Los niveles más altos de educación e ingresos se asociaron con una mejor adaptación a las condiciones epidémicas.
- La mayoría de los participantes (88,2%) obtuvieron información sobre el COVID-19 de fuentes oficiales, confiando en las autoridades de salud (67,1%).
- No se observó un aumento significativo en la inclinación a dejar de fumar en los participantes con enfermedades crónicas o alta dependencia de la nicotina.
Conclusiones:
- Si bien los factores socioeconómicos influyeron en la adaptación a la epidemia, no impulsaron el abandono del tabaquismo en esta cohorte.
- Las personas con enfermedades crónicas y adicción al tabaco no mostraron una mayor tendencia a dejar de fumar durante la pandemia de COVID-19.
- Los mensajes de salud pública y la confianza en las autoridades fueron significativos durante la epidemia.
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