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Ansiedad sin conexión: eficacia de una intervención no guiada, transdiagnóstica, basada en la web para los trastornos
Anna Baumeister1, Lea Schuurmans1, Steffen Moritz1
1University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Germany.
Internet interventions
|August 21, 2025
Resumen
La terapia cognitivo-conductual basada en Internet (iCBT) redujo efectivamente la ansiedad y los síntomas relacionados. Sin embargo, la iCBT no mostró ningún beneficio adicional para los pacientes que ya estaban en psicoterapia.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La salud mental
- La psiquiatría
- Terapia digital
Sus antecedentes:
- Los trastornos de ansiedad son muy frecuentes, pero no reciben suficiente tratamiento debido a las importantes barreras.
- La terapia cognitivo-conductual basada en Internet (iCBT) ofrece una solución escalable para cerrar la brecha de tratamiento.
- La iCBT no guiada específicamente sigue siendo poco investigada.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar una intervención transdiagnostica no guiada de iCBT de seis semanas para la ansiedad y los síntomas relacionados.
- Evaluar la eficacia de la iCBT en comparación con el tratamiento habitual.
- Explorar los posibles moderadores de los efectos del tratamiento.
Principales métodos:
- Un ensayo controlado aleatorizado con 318 participantes comparando iCBT sin guía con un grupo de control de lista de espera.
- Se utilizó el análisis de covarianza (ANCOVA) para evaluar los cambios en los resultados primarios (ansiedad) y secundarios.
- Los resultados secundarios incluyeron estrés, depresión, calidad de vida y autoestima.
Principales resultados:
- El grupo de iCBT mostró reducciones significativas en la ansiedad, el estrés y la depresión en comparación con el grupo de control (tamaños de efecto pequeños a medios).
- Se encontró que la psicoterapia concomitante moderó negativamente el efecto del tratamiento de la iCBT.
- No se observó ningún beneficio adicional de la iCBT en los participantes que recibieron simultáneamente psicoterapia convencional.
Conclusiones:
- El programa iCBT no guiado es eficaz para reducir la ansiedad y los síntomas relacionados en comparación con la atención estándar.
- La iCBT no parece proporcionar beneficios adicionales para las personas que ya se someten a psicoterapia convencional.
- Se justifica una investigación adicional para comprender el papel de la TCCI en pacientes en psicoterapia concurrente.
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