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Un joven gigante gaseoso y sus subestructuras ocultas en un disco protoplanetario
Álvaro Ribas1, Miguel Vioque2, Francesco Zagaria3
1Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Nature astronomy
|August 21, 2025
Resumen
Los astrónomos detectaron indirectamente un exoplaneta en el disco protoplanetario MP Mus utilizando la astrometría de Gaia y las observaciones de ALMA. Este hallazgo sugiere que la formación de planetas podría ser más común en tales discos de lo que se suponía anteriormente.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias exoplanetarias
- La astrofísica
- Formación de planetas
Sus antecedentes:
- La detección de planetas en discos protoplanetarios es un desafío.
- Los anillos y las brechas son comunes en los discos protoplanetarios, lo que indica las interacciones planeta-disco.
- El disco de MP Mus (PDS 66) parece liso, lo que contradice su edad y las subestructuras esperadas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar la aparente falta de subestructuras en el disco protoplanetario MP Mus.
- Para identificar la causa de una anomalía de movimiento propio detectada en MP Mus utilizando datos de Gaia.
- Para detectar indirectamente un exoplaneta dentro del disco MP Mus.
Principales métodos:
- Se llevaron a cabo observaciones de alta resolución Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) de 3 mm.
- Analicé los datos de astrometría de Gaia en busca de anomalías de movimiento.
- Utilizó simulaciones hidrodinámicas para modelar las interacciones planeta-disco.
Principales resultados:
- Se reveló una cavidad interna (<3 UA) y un anillo (10 UA) en el disco de MP Mus.
- Limitar las propiedades del compañero a un gigante gaseoso que orbita a 1-3 UA.
- Confirmado que un planeta de este tamaño puede crear la cavidad observada.
Conclusiones:
- Proporcionó pruebas indirectas convincentes de un exoplaneta en el disco MP Mus.
- Sugiere que las subestructuras de polvo, y por lo tanto la formación de planetas, pueden ser más frecuentes en los discos protoplanetarios de lo que se pensaba anteriormente.
- Destaca la sinergia de la combinación de observaciones astrométricas y de ondas milimétricas para la detección de exoplanetas.
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