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Seguridad del transporte de niños ventilados por personal cualificado: un estudio prospectivo multicéntrico
Masahiro Nozawa1, Noriyuki Kaku2, Naoki Shimizu3
1Shiga General Hospital, Moriyama, Shiga, Japan.
Resumen
Los equipos de transporte pediátrico calificados redujeron significativamente los eventos adversos en las vías respiratorias en niños en estado crítico con ventiladores en comparación con los equipos no calificados. La capacitación y la experiencia especializadas son cruciales para las transferencias seguras de pacientes interinstitucionales a unidades de cuidados intensivos pediátricos (UCIP).
Área de la Ciencia:
- Medicina para cuidados intensivos pediátricos
- Medicina para el transporte
- Seguridad del paciente
Sus antecedentes:
- El transporte eficaz entre las instalaciones es vital para los resultados de los pacientes de la unidad de cuidados intensivos pediátricos (UCIP).
- La evaluación del nivel de habilidad del personal afecta a los eventos adversos relacionados con el transporte en pacientes pediátricos con ventilación.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Comparar las tasas de eventos adversos durante el transporte de pacientes pediátricos en ventiladores.
- Determinar si el personal de transporte cualificado o no cualificado influye en los resultados de la seguridad del paciente.
Principales métodos:
- Estudio de cohorte prospectivo multicéntrico de observación de pacientes pediátricos (< 16 años) con ventiladores.
- Clasificación del personal de transporte como cualificado (experiencia en PICU/equipo de transporte) o no cualificado.
- Investigación de eventos adversos en las vías respiratorias, uso de equipos/medicamentos y resultados neurológicos.
Principales resultados:
- El grupo de personal calificado (n=171) tuvo significativamente menos eventos adversos en las vías respiratorias (9,9%) que el grupo no calificado (n=123, 26,0%).
- Los equipos expertos utilizaron monitores de CO2 de marea final, intercambiadores de calor / humedad y medicamentos avanzados con más frecuencia.
- No hubo diferencias significativas en los resultados neurológicos (puntuaciones PCPC/ FSS) entre los grupos.
Conclusiones:
- La formación especializada y la experiencia en el transporte pediátrico son fundamentales para minimizar los efectos adversos.
- El desarrollo de sistemas de transporte con personal cualificado es esencial para la consolidación de los pacientes pediátricos gravemente enfermos en las unidades de cuidados intensivos.
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