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La farmacogenética de la rosuvastatina y las implicaciones para el tratamiento: una revisión sistemática
Eva González-Iglesias1,2, Jesús Novalbos1, Francisco Abad-Santos1,2,3
1Clinical Pharmacology Department, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Madrid, Spain.
Pharmacogenomics
|August 21, 2025
Resumen
Esta revisión confirma las funciones de ABCG2 y SLCO1B1 en la farmacogenética de la rosuvastatina. Otros genes como el CYP3A5 y el APOC1 también pueden influir en la eficacia y seguridad de la rosuvastatina.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Farmacogenética
- Farmacología clínica
- La genómica
Sus antecedentes:
- La rosuvastatina es una estatina muy eficaz para la reducción de lípidos.
- Su eficacia y seguridad están vinculadas a los transportadores OATP1B1 y BCRP, codificados por los genes SLCO1B1 y ABCG2.
- Sin embargo, otros factores genéticos también pueden influir en los resultados del tratamiento.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Revisar sistemáticamente la farmacocinética de la rosuvastatina (ASC, Cmáx), la eficacia (niveles de lípidos, espesor íntimo-medio de la carótida) y la seguridad (efectos adversos).
- Para explorar la influencia de las variaciones genéticas en el tratamiento con rosuvastatina.
Principales métodos:
- Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática de la literatura en PubMed utilizando "rosuvastatina Y farmacogenética".
- Los estudios incluidos investigaron el impacto de las variaciones genéticas en el perfil clínico de la rosuvastatina.
- El código de PROSPERO es CRD420251041953.
Principales resultados:
- Se incluyeron en la revisión 37 artículos que investigan 40 genes.
- Se han confirmado las funciones significativas de ABCG2 en la cinética y eficacia de la rosuvastatina, y de SLCO1B1 en la cinética.
- Se han identificado posibles asociaciones entre CYP3A5 y APOC1 con la eficacia y seguridad de la rosuvastatina.
Conclusiones:
- Se refuerza la importancia farmacogenética de ABCG2 y SLCO1B1 en el tratamiento con rosuvastatina.
- CYP3A5 y APOC1 muestran asociaciones potenciales con los efectos clínicos de la rosuvastatina que requieren una mayor investigación.
- Los genes adicionales también pueden contribuir a la variabilidad de la rosuvastatina, lo que requiere más investigación.
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