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Psychodynamic therapies emphasize the exploration of unconscious processes and early childhood experiences as fundamental contributors to psychological difficulties. These therapies, deeply rooted in Freud's psychoanalytic theory, aim to uncover and resolve unconscious conflicts, granting individuals insights that promote emotional and behavioral healing. Contemporary psychodynamic approaches have evolved, integrating a broader range of influences and methodologies while still valuing the...
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Impacto del terapeuta y el supervisor supervisados en los resultados de la terapia del cliente

Heidi A Vogeler1, Katie Allphin1, Brett M Merrill2

  • 1Department of Counseling Psychology & Special Education, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA.

Psychotherapy research : journal of the Society for Psychotherapy Research
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Los terapeutas supervisados, no los supervisores, tienen un impacto pequeño pero significativo en los resultados de la terapia del cliente. El progreso del paciente está influenciado principalmente por la gravedad inicial, el tipo de clínica y el terapeuta.

Palabras clave:
Modelado lineal jerárquico (HLM)resultados de la psicoterapiala supervisiónefectos del terapeutael entrenamiento

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Psicología
  • Psicología clínica
  • Investigación en psicoterapia

Sus antecedentes:

  • Los resultados de la psicoterapia del cliente están influenciados por varios factores, incluidas las características del terapeuta.
  • El impacto específico de las funciones de supervisor y terapeuta supervisado en el progreso del cliente requiere más investigación.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Examinar la influencia de los factores del supervisor y del terapeuta supervisado en los resultados de la psicoterapia del cliente.
  • Determinar la proporción de variación en las puntuaciones de cambio del cliente atribuible a efectos aleatorios de supervisores y terapeutas supervisados.

Principales métodos:

  • Se empleó el modelado lineal jerárquico (HLM) para analizar los datos de 4.691 clientes, 146 terapeutas supervisados y 43 supervisores.
  • El estudio utilizó el Cuestionario de Resultados 45.2 (OQ-45) para medir los resultados de los pacientes.

Principales resultados:

  • Los efectos aleatorios del terapeuta supervisado explicaron una porción pequeña pero significativa de la variación en las puntuaciones de cambio del cliente.
  • Los efectos aleatorios del supervisor no fueron estadísticamente significativos.
  • La gravedad inicial del paciente, el tipo de clínica, el tiempo y la experiencia del supervisado (y su interacción con el tiempo) fueron predictores significativos de los resultados.

Conclusiones:

  • Los supervisados ejercen una influencia pequeña y única en los resultados de la terapia del cliente.
  • El impacto directo de los supervisores en los resultados de los clientes parece ser estadísticamente insignificante.
  • La experiencia del supervisado es un factor clave para predecir el progreso del cliente a lo largo del tiempo.