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mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

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The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
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Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II01:46

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Translocation of Proteins into the Mitochondria01:19

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Mitochondria are double-membrane organelles of the eukaryotes involved in cellular metabolism, signaling, ATP synthesis, and programmed cell death.  Each of these processes requires specific proteins and enzymes that must be correctly sorted to the right mitochondrial subcompartment for the proper functioning of the organelle.
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Mitochondria01:37

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Video Experimental Relacionado

Updated: Sep 10, 2025

Author Spotlight: Transmitochondrial Cybrid Generation Using Cancer Cell Lines
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Proteínas mitocondriales: Mecanismos fisiopatológicos potenciales de la progresión maligna en el CHC

Yicun Liu1, Yawen Shao2, Xudong Zhu3

  • 1Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nantong Third People's Hospital, Affiliated Nantong Hospital 3 of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China.

PloS one
|August 21, 2025
PubMed
Resumen

Las proteínas mitocondriales se expresan diferencialmente en el carcinoma hepatocelular (HCC), lo que afecta la progresión del tumor. Las proteínas específicas como FDPS, DNA2 y MYO19 muestran una expresión alterada y se correlacionan con un mal pronóstico, ofreciendo objetivos terapéuticos potenciales para el CHC.

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A Three-Dimensional Spheroid Model to Investigate the Tumor-Stromal Interaction in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
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Área de la Ciencia:

  • En el campo de la oncología
  • Biología mitocondrial
  • La bioinformática

Sus antecedentes:

  • Las mitocondrias juegan un papel crucial en el metabolismo energético del tumor.
  • La comprensión de la expresión de proteínas mitocondriales es clave para explorar la patogénesis del carcinoma hepatocelular (HCC).

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para analizar la expresión de 1136 proteínas mitocondriales en HCC utilizando la base de datos Human.MitoCarta3.0.
  • Identificar objetivos terapéuticos potenciales y comprender los mecanismos en el desarrollo de HCC.

Principales métodos:

  • Se utilizó la base de datos TCGA para analizar 1136 proteínas mitocondriales en HCC.
  • Se seleccionaron las ocho proteínas mitocondriales estadísticamente significativas de alta expresión no estudiadas previamente en HCC.
  • Expresión proteica validada mediante la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa de transcripción inversa cuantitativa en tiempo real (RT-qPCR) en tejidos y células de HCC.
  • Se realizaron análisis de correlación clínica e inmunológica utilizando las bases de datos UALCAN, KM-plot, TIMER2.0 y Sangerbox3.0.

Principales resultados:

  • Las proteínas mitocondriales se expresan en los 24 cromosomas, siendo 204 proteínas transmembrana secundarias.
  • De las 934 proteínas mitocondriales en TCGA, 706 fueron altamente expresadas y 228 pobremente expresadas en HCC.
  • Una expresión significativamente alta de FDPS, DNA2 y MYO19 se correlacionó negativamente con el pronóstico de los pacientes con CHC.
  • DNA2 y MYO19 pueden estar involucrados en la regulación de la infiltración de células inmunes en HCC.

Conclusiones:

  • 934 de las 1136 proteínas mitocondriales mostraron una expresión diferencial en HCC, destacando su papel biológico significativo.
  • Las proteínas mitocondriales funcionales representan mecanismos fisiopatológicos potenciales que impulsan la progresión maligna del CHC.
  • Las proteínas mitocondriales son prometedoras como objetivos terapéuticos valiosos para el futuro tratamiento del CHC.