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La actividad física está relacionada con la vulnerabilidad de la placa carotídea en personas mayores con
Luoshiyuan Zuo1, Maryam Kavousi1, Julie A E Van Oortmerssen1
1Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
EBioMedicine
|August 21, 2025
Resumen
La actividad física excesiva puede aumentar el desarrollo de la placa carotídea vulnerable en adultos mayores con aterosclerosis existente. Para las personas con placas vulnerables, la actividad física puede no proporcionar protección contra el accidente cerebrovascular.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Investigación cardiovascular
- La neurociencia
- Gerontología
Sus antecedentes:
- La evidencia emergente vincula la actividad física excesiva con la aterosclerosis coronaria acelerada.
- Los datos sobre el impacto de la actividad física en la progresión de la aterosclerosis carotídea son limitados.
- Este estudio investiga el papel de la actividad física en la vulnerabilidad de la placa carotídea y el riesgo de accidente cerebrovascular.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar la asociación entre los niveles de actividad física y el desarrollo de componentes de placa aterosclerótica carotídea vulnerables.
- Examinar la interacción entre la actividad física y los componentes vulnerables de la placa para predecir el riesgo de primer ictus.
Principales métodos:
- Estudio prospectivo de 1330 adultos mayores sin accidente cerebrovascular (edad media de 71,5 años) con aterosclerosis carotídea.
- La resonancia magnética carotídea evaluó la hemorragia intraplaquetaria (IPH) y el núcleo necrótico rico en lípidos (LRNC) al inicio y al seguimiento (aprox. 6 años).
- Actividad física evaluada mediante cuestionario; análisis estadísticos ajustados por factores de confusión.
Principales resultados:
- Una mayor actividad física total, moderada a vigorosa y vigorosa se correlacionó con un mayor riesgo de IPH y LRNC incidentes.
- Los quintiles superiores de actividad física mostraron riesgos significativamente más altos (OR 1,87-2,54), con umbrales de daño que exceden las directrices.
- La actividad física se asoció inversamente con el riesgo de accidente cerebrovascular solo en individuos sin placas vulnerables al inicio (se observó efecto de interacción).
Conclusiones:
- En adultos mayores con aterosclerosis carotídea existente, la actividad física intensa puede elevar el riesgo de desarrollar placas vulnerables.
- Las personas con placas carótidas preexistentes vulnerables pueden no beneficiarse de la actividad física con respecto a la prevención del accidente cerebrovascular.
Palabras clave:
La aterosclerosis carotídeaLa resonancia magnéticaActividad físicaComposición de la placaApoplejíaMás Videos Relacionados
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