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El efecto del tolueno de bajo nivel en el mantenimiento de la memoria de trabajo tiene su propia base de red neuronal

Jiajing Wang¹, Junjie Liu², Liping Pan³

¹Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; Department of Intensive Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China.

The Science of the total environment

|August 21, 2025

Resumen

Las bajas concentraciones de tolueno en interiores afectan a las redes de mantenimiento de la memoria de trabajo (WM). Exposición aumento de la conectividad funcional de la región frontal, lo que sugiere un mayor control ejecutivo para contrarrestar el tolueno

Área de la Ciencia:

La neurociencia
Salud del medio ambiente
Psicología cognitiva

Sus antecedentes:

La memoria de trabajo (WM) se basa en redes neuronales distintas para la codificación y el mantenimiento.
Investigaciones anteriores vincularon el tolueno de 70 pb con la alteración de la codificación WM, pero su efecto en el mantenimiento era desconocido.
La exposición de bajo nivel al tolueno en interiores es común, lo que requiere comprender sus impactos cognitivos.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar los efectos de las bajas concentraciones de tolueno en interiores (0-70 ppb) en las redes neuronales que apoyan el mantenimiento de WM.
Determinar si el impacto del tolueno en el mantenimiento del WM difiere de su impacto en la codificación.
Para dilucidar las regiones y conexiones cerebrales específicas afectadas por el tolueno durante el mantenimiento de WM.

Principales métodos:

Veintitrés jóvenes sanos fueron sometidos a una exposición controlada de 4 horas a diferentes concentraciones de tolueno (0, 17,5, 35, 70 ppb).
Se administró una tarea visual de WM después de la exposición, con datos de electroencefalograma (EEG) recopilados durante el mantenimiento de WM.
Las funciones de transferencia direccional (DTF) analizaron los cambios de conectividad funcional (FC) en la red de mantenimiento WM.

Principales resultados:

La región frontal exhibió la mayor fuerza de FC durante el mantenimiento de WM, concentrada en el canal Fz.
La exposición al tolueno aumentó significativamente la fuerza de salida de la región frontal y del canal Fz de manera dependiente de la dosis.
La exposición al tolueno aumentó la FC desde el canal Fz hasta las regiones frontales (F3, Fp2) y posteriores (P4, O2).

Conclusiones:

La exposición al tolueno de baja concentración afecta únicamente a las redes de mantenimiento de WM, distintas de los cambios de la red de codificación.
El aumento de la conectividad frontal y frontal-posterior durante el mantenimiento de WM está relacionado con mayores demandas de control ejecutivo.
Estos hallazgos ponen de relieve una base neuronal independiente para el impacto del tolueno en el mantenimiento de WM a bajas concentraciones.

Palabras clave:

Conectividad funcional Mantenimiento Red neuronal Tolueno Memoria de trabajo

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