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Adhesión microbiana de Streptococcus mutans en zirconia fabricada y molida de manera aditiva
Luo Ann1, Alissa Vilhauer1, Amirali Zandinejad2
1Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, University of Iowa College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics, Iowa City, IA.
Journal of dentistry
|August 21, 2025
Resumen
La zirconia molida (MZ) mostró menos adhesión de Streptococcus mutans que la zirconia no tratada fabricada con aditivos (AMZ-0). La porosidad diseñada en AMZ (AM:50) redujo la adhesión bacteriana en comparación con AMZ-0, pero no significativamente en comparación con MZ.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencia de los biomateriales
- Ciencia de los materiales dentales
- Microbiología
Sus antecedentes:
- El circonio se utiliza cada vez más en las restauraciones dentales, lo que requiere estrategias para minimizar la adhesión microbiana, especialmente Streptococcus mutans, un factor clave en la placa y las caries secundarias.
- El zirconio fabricado aditivamente (AMZ) ofrece flexibilidad de diseño, incluida la porosidad controlada, que puede influir en la adhesión bacteriana.
- Comprender la adhesión microbiana en diferentes métodos de fabricación de circonio es crucial para prevenir la caries dental.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para comparar la adhesión de Streptococcus mutans en zirconia fabricada aditivamente (AMZ) y en zirconia molida (MZ).
- Evaluar el impacto de la porosidad diseñada en la adhesión bacteriana en la ZMA para optimizar los tratamientos superficiales.
- Evaluar el potencial de la AMZ con porosidad controlada como material para restauraciones dentales con adhesión bacteriana reducida.
Principales métodos:
- Se fabricaron sesenta discos de circonio: 15 fabricados aditivamente con poros de 50 μm (AM: 50), 15 fabricados aditivamente sin poros (AMZ-0) y 15 fresados (MZ).
- Los discos fueron expuestos a Streptococcus mutans durante 24 horas, y las bacterias adherentes se cuantificaron utilizando el recuento de unidades formadoras de colonias (CFU).
- Se midió la rugosidad de la superficie y se realizó un análisis estadístico (ANOVA) con un nivel de significación de α=0,05.
Principales resultados:
- El zirconio molido (MZ) exhibió una adhesión significativamente menor de S. mutans en comparación con el zirconio no tratado fabricado con aditivos (AMZ-0) (p < 0,001).
- El zirconio fabricado aditivamente con porosidad diseñada (AM:50) mostró una adhesión bacteriana reducida en comparación con AMZ-0.
- No se encontró ninguna diferencia estadísticamente significativa en la adhesión bacteriana entre AM: 50 y MZ.
Conclusiones:
- La zirconia molida (MZ) muestra una resistencia superior a la adhesión de Streptococcus mutans en comparación con la zirconia no tratada fabricada mediante aditivos (AMZ-0).
- La porosidad diseñada en la zirconia fabricada aditivamente (AM:50) reduce efectivamente la adhesión bacteriana en comparación con la AMZ no tratada.
- La AMZ con porosidad controlada presenta una alternativa prometedora para las restauraciones dentales, ya que ofrece una resistencia a la adhesión microbiana comparable a la de la zirconia molida.
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