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Intervenciones de agentes conversacionales en el cuidado de la diabetes: una revisión sistemática
Moshe Shegal1, Lin Tao Hu2, Erik Friesen2
1Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada.
Diabetes research and clinical practice
|August 21, 2025
Resumen
Los agentes conversacionales son prometedores para el autocontrol de la diabetes, mejorando el control glucémico y los comportamientos de salud. Se necesita más investigación para confirmar su seguridad y eficacia en diversas poblaciones.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Intervenciones en salud digital
- Inteligencia artificial en la salud
- Manejo de la diabetes
Sus antecedentes:
- Los agentes conversacionales (CA) son herramientas impulsadas por la IA que simulan el diálogo humano.
- Las CA ofrecen apoyo potencial para el autogestión de enfermedades crónicas.
- El cuidado de la diabetes es un área en la que las AC se exploran cada vez más.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Revisar sistemáticamente la eficacia, la aceptabilidad y la seguridad de las intervenciones de AC en el cuidado de la diabetes.
- Para sintetizar la evidencia de los estudios elegibles sobre el uso de AC en el tratamiento de la diabetes.
- Identificar las lagunas de investigación y las direcciones futuras para la aplicación de la AC en la diabetes.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión sistemática de 16 estudios en los que participaron 9076 personas de 13 países.
- Buscado en seis bases de datos electrónicas desde el inicio hasta junio de 2024.
- Los estudios incluidos variaron en diseño, población, tipo de diabetes y duración de la intervención.
Principales resultados:
- La mayoría de los estudios reportaron mejoras en el control glucémico (HbA1c 0,3% - 1,0%), la adherencia a la medicación y los comportamientos de salud.
- La aceptabilidad del usuario fue generalmente positiva, con cierta insatisfacción con la calidad de la interacción.
- Los datos de seguridad fueron limitados, con una aplicación inconsistente de los protocolos de escalada clínica.
Conclusiones:
- Los agentes conversacionales demuestran potencial como herramientas escalables y centradas en el paciente para el cuidado de la diabetes.
- Se requiere una investigación de alta calidad para validar el impacto clínico, la seguridad y la aplicabilidad a diversos grupos de pacientes.
- Se justifica una mayor investigación sobre las estrategias óptimas de diseño e implementación de la AC.
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