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Drogas asociadas con adicciones conductuales: análisis del mundo real utilizando la base de datos de
Louis Asselin1, Edouard-Jules Laforgue2, Mélanie Duval3
1Service de pharmacologie clinique, centre d'évaluation et d'information sur la pharmacodépendance-addictovigilance (CEIP-A), CHU de Nantes, Nantes université, 44000 Nantes, France.
Therapie
|August 21, 2025
Resumen
Este estudio identificó 24 fármacos que podrían causar adicciones conductuales (AB) que no figuran en la información del producto. La olanzapina se relacionó notablemente con casos de BA bien documentados.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Farmacovigilancia de las sustancias
- Psiquiatría de las adicciones
- Seguridad de las drogas
Sus antecedentes:
- Las adicciones conductuales (AB) son una entidad diagnóstica reconocida.
- La asociación entre ciertos fármacos y el BA es conocida, pero muchos permanecen sin identificar.
- Las características del producto a menudo carecen de información sobre la AR inducida por fármacos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Identificar las drogas que no figuran en los resúmenes de los productos que se sospecha que causan adicciones conductuales.
- Investigar posibles vínculos entre medicamentos específicos y varias formas de adicción conductual.
- Resaltar los fármacos que requieren una mayor investigación por su papel en el BA.
Principales métodos:
- Se buscó en Vigibase drogas codificadas como 'sospechosas' de adicción al comportamiento, trastorno del juego, trastorno del juego, comportamiento sexual compulsivo, bulimia nerviosa, atracones y compras compulsivas.
- Se seleccionaron fármacos implicados en al menos cinco casos y que carecían de información de BA en sus resúmenes.
- Se empleó un proceso descriptivo, análisis de desproporcionalidad y búsquedas en PubMed.
Principales resultados:
- Se identificaron veinticuatro fármacos en siete clases farmacológicas como potencialmente asociados con el BA.
- Estas clases incluyen antidepresivos, antipsicóticos, antiepilépticos, benzodiazepinas, psicoestimulantes, antidiabéticos y retinoides.
- La olanzapina fue el único medicamento con casos bien documentados, desafíos positivos, desproporcionalidad significativa y literatura de apoyo de PubMed.
Conclusiones:
- Varias drogas, particularmente la olanzapina, están asociadas con adicciones conductuales.
- Los hallazgos subrayan la necesidad de actualizar la información sobre fármacos en relación con el BA.
- Se necesitan más investigaciones para refinar los criterios de diagnóstico de los trastornos adictivos relacionados con el BA.
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