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El impacto del ejercicio en el antígeno prostático específico y la testosterona en el cáncer de próstata: una
Fuxun Zhang1, Zhirong Luo1, Qi Xue1
1Department of Urology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
Resumen
Las intervenciones de ejercicio no alteran significativamente los niveles de antígeno prostático específico (PSA) o de testosterona en pacientes con cáncer de próstata. Este metanálisis de 8 ECA no encontró efectos significativos en estos biomarcadores clave.
Área de la Ciencia:
- En el campo de la oncología
- Ciencia del ejercicio
- La bioquímica
Sus antecedentes:
- La prescripción de ejercicio es reconocida por su papel en la rehabilitación de pacientes con cáncer de próstata (PCa).
- El impacto específico de las intervenciones de ejercicio en los niveles séricos de antígeno prostático específico (PSA) y testosterona en pacientes con PCa requiere aclaración.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar el efecto de la prescripción de ejercicio sobre los niveles séricos de PSA en pacientes con cáncer de próstata.
- Evaluar el impacto del entrenamiento físico en los niveles de testosterona en pacientes con cáncer de próstata.
Principales métodos:
- Se realizó un metanálisis de los datos de 8 ensayos controlados aleatorios (ECA) en los que participaron 594 pacientes.
- Se calculó la diferencia media estandarizada combinada (SMD, por sus siglas en inglés) con intervalos de confianza (IC, por sus siglas en inglés) del 95% para los niveles de PSA y testosterona.
- El análisis de meta-regresión exploró la influencia de covariables como la edad, el IMC y la duración del ejercicio; se evaluó el sesgo de publicación.
Principales resultados:
- El efecto combinado del ejercicio sobre los niveles de PSA fue de 0,13 (IC del 95%: -0,04 a 0,29) sin heterogeneidad (I2=0,0%).
- El efecto combinado sobre los niveles de testosterona fue de 0,19 (IC del 95%: -0,00 a 0,39) sin heterogeneidad (I2=0,0%).
- La meta-regresión no reveló asociaciones significativas entre las covariables y los resultados; no se detectó sesgo en la publicación.
Conclusiones:
- A pesar de los beneficios documentados del ejercicio en el tratamiento del cáncer de próstata, este metanálisis no encontró ningún efecto estadísticamente significativo en los niveles de PSA o testosterona.
- La evidencia actual sugiere que las intervenciones con ejercicio no alteran estos biomarcadores específicos en pacientes con PCa.
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