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Prevalencia de la hipertensión no diagnosticada en adultos jóvenes: un estudio comunitario
Muhammad Zain Ul Abideen Mughal1, Maheen Saad2, Gagan Deep Singh3
1Department of Anatomy, HBS (Hazrat Bari Imam Sarkar) Medical and Dental College, Islamabad, PAK.
Cureus
|August 22, 2025
Resumen
La hipertensión no diagnosticada afecta a casi el 15% de los adultos jóvenes, vinculada a factores de estilo de vida como hábitos sedentarios y alto consumo de sal. El cribado y las intervenciones tempranas son cruciales para esta creciente preocupación de salud pública.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud cardiovascular
- Salud pública
- Epidemiología
Sus antecedentes:
- La hipertensión no diagnosticada en adultos jóvenes es un problema importante de salud pública.
- Contribuye silenciosamente a la morbilidad cardiovascular a largo plazo.
- Este estudio aborda la necesidad de datos sobre la prevalencia de la hipertensión en este grupo demográfico.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Determinar la prevalencia de hipertensión no diagnosticada (etapa 1-2) en adultos jóvenes.
- Evaluar las asociaciones entre la hipertensión no diagnosticada y los factores de riesgo del estilo de vida.
- Informar las estrategias de detección y intervención específicas.
Principales métodos:
- Un estudio transversal basado en la comunidad en el que participaron 263 adultos de entre 18 y 35 años.
- Datos recopilados a través de cuestionarios y mediciones estandarizadas de la presión arterial utilizando las directrices ACC/AHA de 2017.
- Análisis estadístico mediante pruebas de Chi-cuadrado con significación fijada en p < 0,05.
Principales resultados:
- La prevalencia de hipertensión no diagnosticada fue del 14,83% (IC del 95%: 10,8% - 19,7%).
- Se encontró presión arterial elevada (rango prehipertensivo) en el 14, 07% (95% IC: 10, 1% - 18, 9%).
- Se encontraron asociaciones significativas con la edad (25-30), el estilo de vida sedentario, el alto consumo de sal, la obesidad y el tabaquismo.
Conclusiones:
- La hipertensión no diagnosticada es frecuente en adultos jóvenes.
- Los factores de estilo de vida modificables están significativamente asociados con su aparición.
- Se recomienda la detección temprana y las intervenciones en el estilo de vida, reconociendo las limitaciones del estudio.
Palabras clave:
estudio basado en comunidadPaquistánPrevalencia de la enfermedadFactores de riesgohipertensión no diagnosticadajóvenes adultosMás Videos Relacionados
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