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Asociación en forma de U entre la ingesta de alimentos ultraprocesados y la vejiga hiperactiva en adultos
Zufa Zhang1,2, Li Chen3, Long Lv1,4
1Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China.
Frontiers in nutrition
|August 22, 2025
Resumen
La ingesta de alimentos ultraprocesados (UPF) muestra un vínculo en forma de U con el riesgo de vejiga hiperactiva (OAB) en adultos estadounidenses. Los niveles específicos de consumo pueden aumentar el riesgo de OAB, especialmente para las mujeres y los fumadores.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias de la nutrición
- Urología
- Salud pública
Sus antecedentes:
- La relación entre el consumo de alimentos ultraprocesados (UPF) y la vejiga hiperactiva (OAB) no está bien establecida.
- Esta investigación aborda la asociación poco clara entre la ingesta de UPF y el riesgo de OAB en la población adulta de los Estados Unidos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la asociación entre el consumo de alimentos ultraprocesados (UPF) y el riesgo de desarrollar vejiga hiperactiva (OAB).
- Explorar las posibles relaciones no lineales e identificar los umbrales de ingesta de UPF relacionados con el riesgo de OAB.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis transversal de 23.482 participantes de la Encuesta Nacional de Examen de Salud y Nutrición (NHANES).
- Evaluación de la ingesta de UPF (g/día, kcal/día) con conversión logarítmica natural.
- Se emplearon análisis de regresión logística multivariable ponderada, de subgrupos, de interacción y de línea cúbica restringida (RCS).
Principales resultados:
- Se encontró una asociación no lineal en forma de U entre la ingesta de UPF y el riesgo de OAB.
- Se identificaron puntos de inflexión para la ingesta de UPF a 6,33 g/día y 5,73 kcal/día.
- Se observaron asociaciones más fuertes en mujeres, fumadores e individuos con sobrepeso u obesidad, con una modificación significativa por sexo y estado de tabaquismo.
Conclusiones:
- Existe una asociación en forma de U entre los niveles específicos de ingesta de UPF y el riesgo de OAB en adultos estadounidenses.
- Se necesitan estudios prospectivos adicionales para confirmar estos hallazgos y aclarar los mecanismos biológicos subyacentes.
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