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El deseo de tener hijos en la opinión de los padres iraníes: un estudio cualitativo
Maryam Mesbah1,2, Sulmaz Ghahramani1, Reza Amani1,3
1Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
PloS one
|August 22, 2025
Resumen
Los padres iraníes con dos o más hijos desean familias más grandes debido al altruismo, la felicidad y el apoyo institucional. Comprender estas motivaciones es clave para abordar la disminución de las tasas de crecimiento de la población.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La demografía
- Sociología
- Salud Reproductiva
Sus antecedentes:
- Irán se enfrenta a una tasa de crecimiento demográfico decreciente, una tendencia reflejada a nivel mundial.
- Las investigaciones anteriores sobre las motivaciones de la fertilidad han pasado por alto en gran medida a los padres con múltiples hijos que desean familias más grandes.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Explorar las motivaciones para tener hijos de los padres iraníes que ya tienen dos o más hijos y tienen la intención de tener más.
- Identificar los temas clave que influyen en las decisiones de fertilidad en este grupo demográfico.
Principales métodos:
- Un estudio cualitativo exploratorio realizado en 2023 en tres provincias iraníes.
- Muestreo intencional de 46 participantes.
- Entrevistas semiestructuradas y análisis temático para identificar las motivaciones centrales.
Principales resultados:
- Seis temas principales surgieron: el altruismo familiar, la motivación de la actitud de valor, la felicidad real, el desarrollo de la resiliencia, el apoyo institucional y el equilibrio multifacético.
- Estos temas destacan una compleja interacción de factores emocionales, culturales y prácticos que influyen en las intenciones de fertilidad.
- El deseo de tener más hijos está moldeado por los valores personales y las influencias sociales, incluido el apoyo institucional.
Conclusiones:
- Tanto los factores personales como los sociales influyen significativamente en las decisiones de los padres de tener más hijos.
- El apoyo institucional juega un papel crucial en el fomento de familias de mayor tamaño.
- Los hallazgos pueden orientar las políticas e iniciativas educativas para promover la maternidad y abordar las preocupaciones sobre el crecimiento de la población.
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