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Un marco de toma de decisiones basado en múltiples criterios para la gestión de la seguridad de las plataformas
Shao-Hua Hsu1, Yo-Kang Yang2, Ya-Fan Ho1
1Department of Marine Environment and Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
PloS one
|August 22, 2025
Resumen
La seguridad recreativa marina es crucial. Las regulaciones integrales y la formación en navegación son prioridades clave para reducir los riesgos asociados con las plataformas motorizadas y mejorar la seguridad general.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Seguridad marítima
- Gestión de riesgos
- La política marítima
Sus antecedentes:
- El aumento de las actividades recreativas marinas y el uso de plataformas motorizadas plantean preocupaciones de seguridad en la navegación.
- El sistema regulatorio actual de Taiwán para las plataformas recreativas marinas está fragmentado y requiere desarrollo.
- Necesidad de identificar sistemáticamente los riesgos de navegación en las actividades recreativas marinas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Identificar las principales prioridades de gestión de la seguridad para las plataformas motorizadas marinas de recreo.
- Apoyar el desarrollo de políticas para mejorar la seguridad de la navegación en Taiwán.
- Proponer medidas específicas para reducir los riesgos de navegación.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizó el modelo SHELL (Software, Hardware, Environment, Liveware) como marco analítico.
- Se identificaron 20 criterios preliminares de seguridad a través de la revisión de la literatura.
- Método Delphi modificado aplicado y análisis DEMATEL para obtener información de expertos y priorizar los indicadores.
Principales resultados:
- "Reglamentos de gestión global" identificados como la mayor influencia causal en todas las dimensiones.
- "Conceptos básicos de navegación" y "Conocimiento de respuesta a emergencias y seguridad" surgieron como los elementos más centrales.
- Desarrolló un mapa de relaciones de red de influencia para visualizar las interdependencias de riesgo.
Conclusiones:
- Recomienda una mayor regulación, una mejor capacitación, un control por radar y una planificación espacial para mitigar los riesgos de navegación.
- Destaca la eficacia de la integración del modelo SHELL y el método DEMATEL para la identificación sistemática de riesgos.
- Proporciona un marco estructurado para mejorar la seguridad en las actividades recreativas marinas.
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