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Un aglutinante cruzado enlazado con hidrógeno para aplicaciones de alta tensión del cátodo de óxido de litio y
Wenjun Ye1, Tianyu Wei1, Peng Chen1
1Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Materials and Technologies for Energy Storage, College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, P. R. China.
ACS applied materials & interfaces
|August 22, 2025
Resumen
Un nuevo aglutinante a base de agua, la goma de lignosulfonato de sodio (SL-GG), mejora la estabilidad de los cátodos de óxido de litio (LCO) a altas tensiones. Este aglutinante mejora el rendimiento del ciclo y la retención de capacidad para aplicaciones avanzadas de baterías.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias de los materiales
- La electroquímica
- Química de los polímeros
Sus antecedentes:
- La capacidad de ciclo limitada de los cátodos de óxido de litio-cobalto (LCO) a altos potenciales restringe el desarrollo de baterías de mayor tensión de trabajo.
- El desarrollo de materiales de cátodo estables para baterías de iones de litio de alta tensión es crucial para mejorar la densidad de energía y el rendimiento.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Desarrollar un nuevo aglutinante a base de agua para cátodos de LiCoO2 de alto potencial que mejore la estabilidad del ciclo.
- Investigar la integridad estructural y el rendimiento electroquímico de los cátodos LiCoO2 utilizando el nuevo aglutinante SL-GG a 4,6 V.
Principales métodos:
- Preparación de un aglutinante a base de agua (SL-GG) con lignosulfonato de sodio (SL) y goma de guar (GG).
- Fabricación de cátodos de LiCoO2 con el aglutinante SL-GG y caracterización mediante difracción de rayos X in situ (XRD).
- Pruebas electroquímicas, incluidas las de estabilidad en ciclos y mediciones de la capacidad específica de descarga a 4,6 V y 5 C.
Principales resultados:
- El aglutinante SL-GG exhibe una alta resistencia a la tracción, extensibilidad y una amplia ventana de potencial de oxidación debido a la unión de hidrógeno entre SL y GG.
- El análisis XRD in situ confirmó la integridad estructural de LiCoO2 a 4,6 V con el aglutinante SL-GG, superando al PVDF.
- El cátodo SL-GG@LCO logró una retención de capacidad del 76,9% después de 100 ciclos a 4,6 V, significativamente mayor que el PVDF@LCO (42,8%), y una capacidad específica de descarga de 143,1 mAh g-1 a 5 C.
Conclusiones:
- El aglutinador SL-GG protege eficazmente la estructura de LiCoO2 a altas tensiones de trabajo, permitiendo un funcionamiento estable a 4,6 V.
- Este aglutinante a base de agua demuestra un potencial significativo para aplicaciones prácticas en baterías de iones de litio de alto rendimiento.
- Los hallazgos ponen de relieve la importancia de la ingeniería de aglutinantes para el avance de los materiales de cátodo de alta tensión.
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