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El impacto de los tensioactivos alternativos en el rendimiento de las formulaciones de desarrollo físico
Morgaine Sharp1, Scott Chadwick2, Sebastien Moret2
1Centre for Forensic Science, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia; Forensic Evidence & Technical Services Command, NSW Police Force, NSW, Australia.
Forensic science international
|August 22, 2025
Resumen
Tween® 20 es un sustituto eficaz del surfactante Synperonic® N, perjudicial para el medio ambiente, en las soluciones de desarrollo físico (PD) para la detección latente de huellas dactilares. Este estudio valida su desempeño en un contexto australiano, ofreciendo una alternativa más segura para el trabajo de casos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias forenses
- Química
Sus antecedentes:
- El desarrollador físico (PD) es crucial para detectar huellas dactilares latentes en superficies porosas.
- Synperonic® N, un tensioactivo clave en la enfermedad de Parkinson, se está eliminando gradualmente debido a preocupaciones ambientales.
- Existen investigaciones comparativas limitadas sobre las alternativas para la EP en Australia.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Comparar la eficacia de tres formulaciones alternativas de desarrollador físico (PD) que contienen Synperonic® N, Tween® 20 y surfactantes DGME.
- Evaluar estas formulaciones dentro de un contexto australiano, considerando varios donantes, agotamientos, sustratos y edades de huellas dactilares.
- Identificar un sustituto adecuado y respetuoso con el medio ambiente para Synperonic® N en casos forenses.
Principales métodos:
- Se desarrollaron y evaluaron más de 3000 huellas dactilares en diferentes condiciones.
- El rendimiento de la formulación se clasificó utilizando la escala de la Universidad de Canberra y una escala modificada del Centro de Ciencia y Tecnología Aplicadas (CAST).
- Se llevó a cabo un juicio pseudooperativo sobre documentos históricos (1950-1980).
Principales resultados:
- La formulación Tween® 20 superó significativamente las formulaciones Synperonic® N y DGME.
- Tween® 20 produjo tres veces más huellas digitales clasificadas "CAST 4" que Synperonic® N y cinco veces más que DGME.
- La formulación Tween® 20 demostró un rendimiento comparable o superior al de la formulación original Synperonic® N.
Conclusiones:
- Tween® 20 es un sustituto adecuado y eficaz del surfactante Synperonic® N en las soluciones de desarrollo físico.
- Este hallazgo cubre una brecha en la literatura y proporciona una opción práctica y ambientalmente más segura para el trabajo forense australiano.
- La validación de Tween® 20 asegura una eficacia continua en la detección de huellas dactilares latentes y al mismo tiempo mitiga los riesgos ambientales.
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