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Evaluación social de las habilidades y competencias en primates

William O'Hearn¹, Marie Hirel¹, Stefanie Keupp²

¹Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Johann-Friedrich-Blumenbach Institute, Department for Primate Cognition, Kellnerweg 4, Göttingen 37077, Germany; German Primate Center - Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Cognitive Ethology Laboratory, Kellnerweg 4, Göttingen 37077, Germany; Leibniz ScienceCampus Primate Cognition. German Primate Center - Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Cognitive Ethology Laboratory, Kellnerweg 4, Göttingen 37077, Germany.

Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

|August 22, 2025

Resumen

Esta revisión examina la evaluación social, el proceso cognitivo de comprender a los demás. Explora cómo los animales como los primates evalúan la competencia, destacando los desafíos en los métodos de investigación actuales.

Área de la Ciencia:

Psicología comparativa
Ecología del comportamiento
Ciencias cognitivas

Sus antecedentes:

La vida social implica la observación continua y la interacción con sus congéneres.
La evaluación social es clave para adquirir y procesar información social para la generación de conocimiento.
Este concepto abarca la ecología del comportamiento, la economía y la psicología del desarrollo y comparativa.

Objetivo del estudio:

Revisar los estudios sobre la atribución de la prosocialidad y la competencia en humanos y animales no humanos.
Describir los mecanismos cognitivos involucrados en la evaluación social.
Centrarse en cómo los animales evalúan la habilidad y la competencia.

Principales métodos:

Revisión de los estudios existentes sobre la evaluación social.
Análisis de investigaciones sobre chimpancés, macacos y babuinos que evalúan la competencia de los demás.
Discusión de las limitaciones metodológicas en entornos cautivos y silvestres.

Principales resultados:

Los animales utilizan el aprendizaje basado en resultados y los procesos basados en inferencias para la evaluación social.
Distinguir entre varios mecanismos cognitivos en la evaluación social sigue siendo un desafío.
Las metodologías actuales presentan limitaciones experimentales.

Conclusiones:

Abogar por un marco unificado para el estudio de la evaluación social.
Haciendo hincapié en la integración de perspectivas inmediatas y finales.
Destacando la necesidad de metodologías refinadas para superar las limitaciones actuales.

Palabras clave:

Animales Conocimiento comparativo Formación de las impresiones Primate Conocimiento social Evaluación social

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