Video Experimental Relacionado
Updated: Sep 10, 2025
11:17
Multiplex Therapeutic Drug Monitoring by Isotope-dilution HPLC-MS/MS of Antibiotics in Critical Illnesses
Published on: August 30, 2018
13.0K
Desarrollo de recomendaciones de dosificación adaptadas para la ciprofloxacina en niños en estado crítico utilizando
Pieter-Jan De Sutter1, Evelyn Dhont2, Daphné Vens3
1Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium.
Resumen
Las dosis estándar de ciprofloxacina son insuficientes para los niños en estado crítico, especialmente aquellos que no están en ventilación mecánica. La optimización de la dosificación es crucial para alcanzar los objetivos terapéuticos y mejorar los resultados de los pacientes en cuidados intensivos pediátricos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Farmacocinética y Farmacodinámica
- Medicina de cuidados intensivos pediátricos
- Farmacoterapia para enfermedades infecciosas
Sus antecedentes:
- La dosificación óptima de ciprofloxacina en niños en estado crítico es difícil debido a la alteración de la disposición del fármaco.
- La comprensión de la variabilidad interindividual en la exposición al fármaco es esencial para un tratamiento eficaz.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Desarrollar un modelo farmacocinético poblacional (PK) para la ciprofloxacina en niños en estado crítico.
- Identificar los factores predictivos de la variabilidad de la farmacocinética y evaluar el logro de los objetivos.
- Proporcionar recomendaciones de dosificación basadas en la evidencia para una terapia personalizada.
Principales métodos:
- Estudio prospectivo, abierto y multicéntrico de farmacocinética en 44 niños en estado crítico.
- Administración intravenosa de ciprofloxacino con muestreo de sangre y orina en serie.
- Modelado farmacocinético poblacional para analizar las concentraciones totales y no unidas de fármacos.
Principales resultados:
- La farmacocinética de ciprofloxacina se describe mediante un modelo de dos compartimentos a escala alométrica.
- El aclaramiento está influenciado por la tasa de filtración glomerular y la ventilación mecánica.
- Las dosis estándar alcanzaron el objetivo subóptimo (75- 80%) para un MIC de 0,25 mg/ L.
- El objetivo adecuado (≥ 90%) requiere 10 mg/ kg q12h (ventilado) o 15 mg/ kg q8h (no ventilado, función renal normal).
Conclusiones:
- La dosis estándar de ciprofloxacina (20-30 mg/ kg/ día) es inadecuada para niños en estado crítico sin ventilación y con función renal normal o elevada.
- Se necesitan regímenes de dosificación intensificados para alcanzar los objetivos terapéuticos.
- Deben realizarse investigaciones adicionales para evaluar la eficacia y la seguridad de dosis más altas de ciprofloxacina en esta población.
Palabras clave:
La ciprofloxacina también tiene efectos secundarios.Individualización de la dosisUnidad de cuidados intensivospediatríaSe une a las proteínas plasmáticasFarmacocinética de la poblaciónMás Videos Relacionados
06:14Optimized LC-MS/MS Method for the High-throughput Analysis of Clinical Samples of Ivacaftor, Its Major Metabolites, and Lumacaftor in Biological Fluids of Cystic Fibrosis Patients
Published on: October 15, 2017
8.4K
12:29Population and Single-Cell Analysis of Antibiotic Persistence in Escherichia coli
Published on: March 24, 2023
2.2K
Videos de Conceptos Relacionados
01:21Factors Affecting Drug Response: Overview
2.4K
When it comes to infants and young children, they are typically administered smaller doses of medication in comparison to adults. This is primarily because their organ functions still need to fully develop, meaning their bodies are not as efficient at metabolizing or eliminating drugs. Additionally, their blood-brain barrier is more permeable than in adults. As a result, high concentrations of drugs can easily penetrate the central nervous system (CNS), potentially leading to neurological...
2.4K
01:24Rational Dosage Regimen: Maintenance Dose and Loading Dose
4.4K
A rational dosage regimen considers a drug's pharmacokinetics, including its absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination from the body. By understanding these factors, the appropriate dosage can be determined, and the dosing schedule can be designed to achieve and maintain the desired therapeutic effect while minimizing adverse effects.
In most cases, drugs are administered repetitively or infused continuously to maintain a steady-state concentration in the body. At a steady...
In most cases, drugs are administered repetitively or infused continuously to maintain a steady-state concentration in the body. At a steady...
4.4K
01:11Renal Failure: Dose Adjustments
153
In patients with renal impairment, drugs undergo significant changes in their pharmacokinetics, which require dosage adjustments to ensure safe and effective therapy.
Reduced renal clearance and elimination rate are common outcomes of renal impairment. These alterations lead to a prolonged elimination half-life and an altered apparent volume of distribution for drugs. As a result, dosage adjustments are typically necessary to maintain optimal drug levels in the body.
However, dosage adjustments...
Reduced renal clearance and elimination rate are common outcomes of renal impairment. These alterations lead to a prolonged elimination half-life and an altered apparent volume of distribution for drugs. As a result, dosage adjustments are typically necessary to maintain optimal drug levels in the body.
However, dosage adjustments...
153
01:15Drug Dosage Regimen: Overview
3.8K
A drug dosage regimen describes the specific instructions and schedule for administering a drug to a patient. It considers factors such as drug dosage, frequency, route of administration, and duration of treatment. Designing an appropriate dosage regimen for a patient aims to achieve a target drug concentration at the site of action.
Typically, the starting dose and dosing interval are guided by the manufacturer's recommendations based on clinical trials conducted during and after drug...
Typically, the starting dose and dosing interval are guided by the manufacturer's recommendations based on clinical trials conducted during and after drug...
3.8K
01:01Dosage Regimen: Fixed Dose
2.0K
Fixed-dose regimens are a common approach to administer drugs to achieve and maintain desired levels of the drug in the body. In this dosing strategy, a specific amount of medication is given at regular intervals, often multiple times a day, to ensure a consistent drug concentration in the bloodstream.
Fixed-dose regimens can be used for various routes of administration, including intravenous (IV) injections and oral medications. For IV administration, a predetermined amount of the drug is...
Fixed-dose regimens can be used for various routes of administration, including intravenous (IV) injections and oral medications. For IV administration, a predetermined amount of the drug is...
2.0K
01:20Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care
44
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) requires a collaborative healthcare approach to restore renal function and prevent complications. Essential management strategies involve monitoring fluid and electrolyte balance, adjusting medications, initiating dialysis when necessary, and providing nutritional support.Fluid and Electrolyte ManagementFluid Monitoring: Regularly monitoring body weight, central venous pressure, and urine output helps detect fluid imbalances early. Patient intake and output are...
44