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Updated: Sep 10, 2025
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Retinal Vascular Reactivity as Assessed by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography
Published on: March 26, 2020
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Tomografía de coherencia óptica y mediciones angiográficas en enfermedades oculares de la tiroides: una revisión
Mehrdad Mozafar1, Sepehr Fekrazad2, Mobina Amanollahi1
1School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Survey of ophthalmology
|August 22, 2025
Resumen
La enfermedad ocular de la tiroides (TED) afecta significativamente los vasos sanguíneos de la retina, especialmente en las etapas activas. La angiografía por tomografía de coherencia óptica (OCTA, por sus siglas en inglés) revela una reducción de la densidad de los vasos sanguíneos y un agrandamiento de las zonas avasculares en pacientes con TDE activos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Oftalmología
- Endocrinología
- Imágenes médicas
Sus antecedentes:
- La enfermedad ocular de la tiroides (TED) es una complicación ocular de la enfermedad de Graves.
- TED afecta la vasculatura de la retina a través de procesos autoinmunes y mecánicos.
- Evaluar los cambios microvasculares en TED es crucial para entender la progresión de la enfermedad.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para evaluar las alteraciones microvasculares de la retina en pacientes con TED utilizando angiografía por tomografía de coherencia óptica (OCTA).
- Para comparar los hallazgos de OCTA entre TED activo, TED inactivo y controles sanos.
- Para resaltar el papel de OCTA en el diagnóstico y monitoreo de TED.
Principales métodos:
- Búsqueda sistemática de la literatura de PubMed, Scopus y Web of Sciences para los estudios de OCTA en TED.
- Metaanálisis de los parámetros OCTA de los estudios en los que se utilizaron dispositivos OCTA idénticos.
- Inclusión de 15 estudios con 771 ojos TED (etapas activa e inactiva).
Principales resultados:
- El TED activo mostró una densidad vascular (VD) significativamente reducida en los plexos capilares superficiales y profundos en comparación con el TED inactivo y los controles.
- La zona avascular foveal se agrandó significativamente en el TED activo.
- La enfermedad capilar radial fue reducida en el TED activo.
Conclusiones:
- OCTA es una valiosa herramienta no invasiva para ayudar en el diagnóstico TED.
- OCTA puede ayudar a monitorear la progresión de la enfermedad en TED.
- La investigación futura necesita muestras más grandes y diversas para confirmar los hallazgos sobre la enfermedad venérea de la retina en TED.
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