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Evaluación de las interacciones entre los gobiernos nacionales y subnacionales en la República Checa para el

Michael Pratt^1,2, Juliana Mejía-Grueso³, Eugen Resendiz^4,5

¹Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health & Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.

Journal of physical activity & health

|August 22, 2025

Resumen

Las políticas de actividad física (AP) son comunes, pero están mal implementadas. Este estudio encontró que, incluso con los presupuestos asignados, la mala comunicación entre los gobiernos nacionales y subnacionales obstaculiza la acción política de las AP en la República Checa.

Área de la Ciencia:

Salud pública
Política de salud
Promoción de la salud

Sus antecedentes:

Muchos países tienen políticas de actividad física (AP), sin embargo, su traducción en acciones a nivel nacional y subnacional es a menudo inadecuada.
La "Herramienta de interacción entre los niveles de gobierno nacional y local en el desarrollo e implementación de políticas de actividad física" (INTEGRATE-PA-Pol) se desarrolló para abordar esta desconexión.

Objetivo del estudio:

Pilotar la herramienta INTEGRATE-PA-Pol en la República Checa para evaluar la interacción entre los niveles gubernamentales nacionales y locales en el desarrollo y la aplicación de políticas de actividad física.

Principales métodos:

La herramienta INTEGRATE-PA-Pol fue traducida y adaptada para la República Checa.
Una encuesta basada en cuestionarios evaluó 8 componentes a través de los niveles gubernamentales, los sistemas políticos y los sectores a través de 5 etapas del proceso de política de AP.
Los informantes clave de los sectores de la salud, el deporte y la recreación a nivel nacional, regional y municipal participaron a través de encuestas en línea.

Principales resultados:

Los documentos y presupuestos de políticas de actividad física existen en todos los niveles gubernamentales, pero la implementación de políticas y programas es limitada.
Las interacciones entre los niveles gubernamentales con respecto a la política de AP se calificaron como bajas en la mayoría de las categorías.
Se observó una variabilidad significativa en la identificación de poblaciones, entornos y sectores importantes para la promoción de la AP en todos los niveles gubernamentales.

Conclusiones:

La política de actividad física en la República Checa está bien desarrollada, pero se enfrenta a desafíos en la participación del sector y la priorización coherente.
A pesar de las asignaciones presupuestarias, la aplicación de la política de AP sigue siendo difícil, probablemente debido a la mala comunicación entre los niveles gubernamentales nacionales y subnacionales.

Palabras clave:

Se incluyen los siguientes elementos:La evaluación Interacción formulación de políticas

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