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¿Están asociados los trastornos por consumo de alcohol y la cirugía bariátrica? Perspectivas de las personas que
Mathilde Hedlund Lindberg1, Caisa Öster, Christina Nehlin Gordh
1Mathilde Hedlund Lindberg, RN, PhD, Caisa Öster, RN, PhD, Christina Nehlin Gordh, PhD, Department of Medical Sciences, Psychiatry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Journal of addictions nursing
|August 22, 2025
Resumen
Los pacientes con cirugía bariátrica enfrentan un mayor riesgo de trastorno por consumo de alcohol debido a factores biológicos y psicosociales. La atención personalizada y holística que aborda la adicción es crucial para la recuperación post-cirugía.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Medicina para la adicción
- Resultados de la cirugía bariátrica
- Atención centrada en el paciente
Sus antecedentes:
- La cirugía bariátrica está relacionada con un mayor riesgo de trastorno por consumo de alcohol.
- La investigación existente y el seguimiento de la atención médica a menudo priorizan la dieta sobre la salud mental y la adicción.
- Las perspectivas de los pacientes sobre la cirugía post-bariátrica AUD y sus necesidades de atención son insuficientemente investigadas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Explorar cómo los pacientes con problemas de adicción perciben el vínculo entre la cirugía bariátrica y la adicción.
- Comprender qué apoyo los pacientes encuentran útil para manejar los problemas relacionados con el alcohol después de la cirugía bariátrica.
Principales métodos:
- Se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas con 10 personas que asistían a una clínica de adicciones después de una cirugía bariátrica.
- Se aplicó un análisis temático inductivo a los datos de las entrevistas.
Principales resultados:
- Surgieron cuatro temas relacionados con la adicción y la cirugía bariátrica, además de uno sobre las necesidades de atención no cubiertas.
- Los pacientes informaron vulnerabilidades preexistentes en el consumo de alcohol y el bienestar mental.
- Los problemas con el alcohol podrían surgir o intensificarse después de la cirugía, influenciados por factores biológicos y psicosociales.
- La atención de seguimiento era a menudo inadecuada o no centrada en la persona.
- Los pacientes deseaban conversaciones de apoyo que abordaran desafíos como el uso de alcohol relacionados con su cirugía.
Conclusiones:
- Se necesita un enfoque holístico para los problemas relacionados con el alcohol después de la cirugía bariátrica.
- La atención centrada en la persona, que incluye conversaciones de apoyo, puede ayudar a la recuperación del paciente.
- La atención sanitaria debe abordar la compleja interacción de los factores biológicos, psicosociales y de adicción en los pacientes bariátricos.
Palabras clave:
Enfermería de las adiccionesTrastorno por consumo de alcoholCirugía bariátricaPercepciones de los pacientesAnálisis temáticoMás Videos Relacionados
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