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Las necesidades psicológicas básicas median la conexión y el significado de la vida entre los estudiantes
1Mental Health Education and Counseling Center, Shaoguan University, No. 288, Daxue Road, Zhenjiang District, Shaoguan City, 512005, Guangdong Province, China.
Scientific reports
|August 22, 2025
Resumen
El significado de la vida (MIL) es bajo entre los estudiantes universitarios chinos. La satisfacción de la competencia, una necesidad psicológica básica, vincula significativamente la conectividad con el MIL, lo que sugiere que se necesitan intervenciones personalizadas para el bienestar del estudiante.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Psicología
- La salud mental
- Sociología
Sus antecedentes:
- Una parte significativa de los estudiantes universitarios chinos informan de un bajo significado en la vida (MIL) y confusión existencial.
- La comprensión de los factores que contribuyen al MIL es crucial para desarrollar intervenciones efectivas de salud mental en este grupo demográfico.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la relación entre la conexión (con uno mismo, con los demás, con la naturaleza) y el MIL en los estudiantes universitarios chinos.
- Examinar el papel mediador de las necesidades psicológicas básicas en la asociación conectividad-MIL.
- Integrar enfoques centrados en las variables y en la persona para un análisis exhaustivo.
Principales métodos:
- Un estudio transversal que involucró a 807 estudiantes universitarios chinos de la provincia de Guangdong.
- Se utilizaron escalas validadas para evaluar la conectividad (atención, conectividad social, conectividad con la naturaleza), las necesidades psicológicas básicas y el MIL.
- Se emplearon análisis de mediación paralelo y análisis de perfil latente.
Principales resultados:
- Las necesidades psicológicas básicas, en particular la satisfacción de la competencia, mediaron significativamente la relación entre todas las dimensiones de la conexión y el MIL.
- Se identificaron tres perfiles de conexión distintos: los tipos Alienados, Moderados y Enriquecidos.
- El tipo enriquecido exhibió el efecto indirecto más fuerte que vinculaba la conexión con MIL a través de la satisfacción de la competencia.
Conclusiones:
- La satisfacción de la competencia es el principal mecanismo psicológico que conecta la conexión multifacética con el significado de la vida entre los estudiantes universitarios chinos.
- Los perfiles de conectividad identificados destacan la necesidad de intervenciones de salud mental personalizadas, en lugar de generalizadas.
- Los hallazgos amplían la teoría de la autodeterminación, ofreciendo un marco para iniciativas de bienestar específicas.
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