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Transiciones en la planificación: EAS, cambio climático y transiciones energéticas en el océano
Leah M Fusco1, Gerald G Singh2
1Ocean Nexus, Memorial University, Department of Political Science, St. John's, NL, Canada. lfusco@mun.ca.
Environmental management
|August 22, 2025
Resumen
Las evaluaciones ambientales estratégicas (AES) pueden ayudar a las transiciones energéticas oceánicas, pero a menudo no lo logran. La mejora de las AEE es crucial para alcanzar los objetivos climáticos y planificar el futuro de la energía marina.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias del medio ambiente
- La política marítima
- Estudios energéticos
Sus antecedentes:
- Los océanos son vitales para las soluciones al cambio climático y el desarrollo de energías renovables.
- La transición energética requiere cambios significativos en la planificación energética marina.
- Los combustibles fósiles, en particular el petróleo, presentan desafíos para la previsión de nuevos futuros energéticos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar el papel de las evaluaciones ambientales estratégicas (AES) en las transiciones energéticas basadas en los océanos.
- Determinar si las AEE proporcionan información adecuada para la toma de decisiones sobre la transición energética.
- Evaluar la consideración del cambio climático y las alternativas dentro de las AEE de energía oceánica.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de 69 AEE relacionados con la energía marina realizados en 11 países.
- Revisión de los AEE realizados entre 2000 y 2021.
- Examen del contenido de la EAE en relación con el cambio climático, los objetivos climáticos y las evaluaciones alternativas.
Principales resultados:
- Las conclusiones sobre la eficacia de la EAE variaron según las jurisdicciones.
- En muchos casos, los EAE no se optimizaron para apoyar las decisiones de transición energética.
- El potencial de las AEE para facilitar la planificación energética en alta mar a largo plazo era a menudo limitado.
Conclusiones:
- Los AEE ofrecen una valiosa herramienta existente para apoyar las transiciones energéticas oceánicas.
- La mejora de las AEE es esencial para alinear el desarrollo de la energía marina con los compromisos climáticos mundiales.
- Las AEE mejoradas pueden servir de base para la planificación a largo plazo de un futuro sostenible de la energía oceánica.
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