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Variación del microbioma entre las garrapatas Hyalomma dromedarii macho y hembra de camellos en los EAU
Mohamad Taha Al Masri1, Amgd Sayed Ali1, Ranjit Vijayan1
1Biology Department, UAE University, P.O. Box 15551, Al Ain, UAE.
Scientific reports
|August 22, 2025
Resumen
Este estudio revela diferencias significativas en las bacterias intestinales de las garrapatas Hyalomma dromedarii macho y hembra. Las garrapatas hembras albergan Francisella, mientras que los machos muestran una mayor diversidad microbiana, lo que afecta la transmisión de enfermedades transmitidas por garrapatas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Microbiología
- Ecología vectorial
- La genómica
Sus antecedentes:
- Hyalomma dromedarii es una garrapata clave en la Península Arábiga, crucial para la transmisión de patógenos.
- Comprender el microbioma de las garrapatas es vital para evaluar la competencia del vector y la propagación de la enfermedad.
- Existen datos limitados sobre las comunidades microbianas específicas por sexo en H. dromedarii.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar y comparar la composición del microbioma bacteriano entre las garrapatas Hyalomma dromedarii macho y hembra.
- Identificar géneros bacterianos dominantes y evaluar las diferencias de diversidad microbiana basadas en el sexo de las garrapatas.
- Explorar las implicaciones de estos perfiles microbianos específicos del sexo para la fisiología de las garrapatas y la competencia vectorial.
Principales métodos:
- Recogió garrapatas de H. dromedarii de camellos en tres ubicaciones de los EAU.
- Se utilizó la secuenciación de genes de ARNr 16S de alto rendimiento para el análisis de la comunidad bacteriana.
- Utilizó herramientas de bioinformática, incluida la correlación de Pearson y el análisis de coordenadas principales (PCoA).
Principales resultados:
- La secuenciación dio 432.495 lecturas, 848 unidades taxonómicas operativas, 20 filas y 261 géneros.
- Las garrapatas machos demostraron una mayor diversidad microbiana y riqueza de género que las hembras.
- Francisella predominó (> 90%) en garrapatas hembras de dos ubicaciones; los machos tenían diversos géneros como Corynebacterium, Staphylococcus y Trueperella.
Conclusiones:
- Existen diferencias significativas asociadas al sexo en el microbioma de H. dromedarii.
- Estas diferencias pueden influir en la fisiología de las garrapatas y en su capacidad para transmitir patógenos.
- Los hallazgos contribuyen al enfoque One Health para el control de las enfermedades transmitidas por garrapatas.
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