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Inteligencia artificial y equidad en la salud para las personas con discapacidad: un marco integrado para el diseño

¹The University of Texas at El Paso, TX, USA.

Inquiry : a journal of medical care organization, provision and financing

|August 23, 2025

Resumen

Las personas con discapacidad (PWD) experimentan disparidades de salud debido a la tecnología no inclusiva. Este documento presenta un marco para el diseño de inteligencia artificial (IA) que incluya a las personas con discapacidad para garantizar servicios de salud y rehabilitación equitativos.

Área de la Ciencia:

Equidad en salud y ciencia de la rehabilitación
Inteligencia artificial en la salud
Estudios sobre discapacidad y diseño inclusivo

Sus antecedentes:

Las personas con discapacidad (PWD) se enfrentan a importantes disparidades de salud y rehabilitación.
La asistencia sanitaria y la tecnología existentes a menudo pasan por alto las necesidades únicas de las personas con discapacidad, lo que exacerba las desigualdades.
La inteligencia artificial (IA) ofrece un potencial transformador, pero corre el riesgo de reforzar las disparidades si no está diseñada de manera inclusiva.

Objetivo del estudio:

Introducir un marco integrado para el diseño de IA inclusiva de la discapacidad en salud y rehabilitación.
Orientar el desarrollo y la implementación de herramientas de IA que aborden las necesidades de las personas con discapacidad.
Promover el acceso equitativo a los servicios de salud y rehabilitación impulsados por la IA.

Principales métodos:

Desarrollo de un nuevo marco que integre la teoría de la autodeterminación (SDT) y la teoría de la autoeficacia (SET).
Centrarse en los principios de diseño participativos y centrados en la discapacidad para las herramientas de IA.
Consideración de las implicaciones para la salud pública, la mano de obra, la formación y la política.

Principales resultados:

Se propone un marco viable para la creación de una IA inclusiva en salud y rehabilitación.
El marco hace hincapié en el diseño centrado en el usuario, incorporando los valores y necesidades de las personas con discapacidad.
Identificación de las áreas clave para su integración en las iniciativas de salud pública y políticas.

Conclusiones:

El diseño inclusivo de la IA es crucial para mitigar las disparidades de salud para las personas con discapacidad.
El marco propuesto proporciona una hoja de ruta para el desarrollo de soluciones equitativas de IA.
La aplicación requiere un enfoque multifacético que implique políticas, capacitación y adaptación de la fuerza laboral.

Palabras clave:

¿Qué es eso?discapacidad las disparidades de salud equidad en salud Tecnología inclusiva

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