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Predictores clave de la mortalidad en la fiebre hemorrágica de Crimea y el Congo: un estudio de cohorte multicéntrico

Deniz Güllü¹, Defne Yigci², Nurcan Baykam³

¹Koç University, School of Medicine - Istanbul, Türkiye; Koç University, Graduate School of Health Sciences - Istanbul, Türkiye; Koç University İşbank Center for Infectious Diseases (KUISCID) - Istanbul, Türkiye.

Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

|August 23, 2025

Resumen

La edad y la diabetes son predictores clave de la mortalidad en la fiebre hemorrágica de Crimea-Congo (FHCC). El tratamiento precoz con ribavirina puede mejorar las tasas de supervivencia de los pacientes con ECCH.

Área de la Ciencia:

Enfermedades infecciosas
Epidemiología
Salud pública

Sus antecedentes:

La fiebre hemorrágica de Crimea-Congo (FHCC) es una enfermedad viral transmitida por garrapatas con una mortalidad significativa.
La identificación de los factores predictivos de la mortalidad es crucial para la gestión eficaz de los pacientes y la asignación de recursos.
La comprensión de las características demográficas y clínicas de los pacientes con CCHF en Turquía es esencial para las estrategias de salud regionales.

Objetivo del estudio:

Identificar los predictores clave de la mortalidad en pacientes hospitalizados con fiebre hemorrágica de Crimea y el Congo (FHCC) en Turquía.
Caracterizar el perfil demográfico y clínico de los pacientes con ECC.
Evaluar el impacto de la administración temprana de ribavirina en los resultados de los pacientes con ECC.

Principales métodos:

Estudio retrospectivo de 1103 pacientes CCHF confirmados por el laboratorio en 18 hospitales en Türkiye (2019-2024).
Datos recogidos a través de un sistema en línea, incluida la información demográfica, clínica y de tratamiento.
Los análisis estadísticos incluyeron regresión de Cox univariada y dependiente del tiempo para identificar predictores de mortalidad.

Principales resultados:

El estudio incluyó a 1103 pacientes con ECC; se observó una tasa de mortalidad del 5,1% (56/1103).
La edad ≥50 años (OR=3, 1) y la diabetes mellitus (OR=4, 49) fueron predictores significativos de aumento de la mortalidad.
La administración temprana de ribavirina (≤96 horas) se asoció significativamente con una reducción de la mortalidad (aHR=0,21).

Conclusiones:

La edad y las comorbilidades como la diabetes mellitus son predictores significativos de la mortalidad en pacientes con ECC.
La identificación temprana de pacientes de alto riesgo y la intervención oportuna son fundamentales para mejorar los resultados.
La administración temprana de ribavirina es prometedora en la reducción de la mortalidad relacionada con la CCHF.

Palabras clave:

Fiebre hemorrágica de Crimea y el Congo (FHCC)Gravedad de la enfermedad Factores de riesgo la mortalidad El tratamiento con ribavirina

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