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La variante conductual de la demencia frontotemporal como modelo para comprender los determinantes cognitivos y

Victor Altmayer^1,2, Marcela Ovando-Tellez³, Théophile Bieth^3,4

¹Sorbonne University, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, FrontLab, Inserm, CNRS, AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France. victoraltmayer@hotmail.com.

Behavioral and brain functions : BBF

|August 23, 2025

Resumen

Este estudio identifica cuatro componentes cognitivos de la creatividad, vinculándolos a redes y regiones cerebrales específicas. La variante conductual de los pacientes con demencia frontotemporal mostró alteraciones en los principales procesos de pensamiento creativo.

Área de la Ciencia:

La neurociencia
Psicología cognitiva

Sus antecedentes:

La creatividad es crucial para la adaptación, pero su base neuronal requiere aclaración.
Los modelos actuales incluyen el modo predeterminado (DMN), el control ejecutivo (ECN) y las redes de saliencia (SN).
La corteza prefrontal (PFC) es clave, por lo que la variante conductual de la demencia frontotemporal (bvFTD) es un modelo único para estudiar la creatividad.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para explorar los procesos cognitivos en el pensamiento remoto utilizando una tarea de asociación de palabra a palabra.
Identificar las regiones críticas del cerebro y sus perfiles de conectividad para la creatividad.
Para caracterizar el deterioro de la creatividad en pacientes con TFTB.

Principales métodos:

Se utilizó una tarea de asociación de palabra a palabra (FGAT) en 14 pacientes con FTD bvv y 20 controles.
Empleó morfometría basada en voxel para encontrar regiones críticas del cerebro.
Utilizó conectividad funcional en estado de reposo para analizar perfiles de red en controles.

Principales resultados:

Dissoció cuatro componentes del pensamiento remoto: pensamiento asociativo espontáneo, inhibición, pensamiento remoto intencional y iniciación verbal.
El pensamiento espontáneo involucra regiones temporales / cerebelares; la inhibición se basa en SN; el pensamiento intencional en DMN; la iniciación en el PFC dorsolateral derecho (ECN).
Los pacientes con bvFTD se vieron afectados en la inhibición, el pensamiento intencional y la iniciación, y estos déficits mediaron enlaces atrofia-creatividad.

Conclusiones:

Comprensión avanzada de la neurocognición creativa mediante la distinción de componentes y sus bases cerebrales.
Clarificó los trastornos de la creatividad en el TFTB, relacionándolos con déficits cognitivos específicos y atrofia cerebral.
Destacó el papel de la PFC y sus interacciones de red en el procesamiento semántico creativo.

Palabras clave:

La creatividad Funciones ejecutivas Demencia frontotemporal Pensamiento remoto Conectividad funcional en estado de reposo Las asociaciones semánticas Morfometría basada en voxel

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