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La reprogramación metabólica cardíaca inducida por la terapia del cáncer: una nueva frontera en la oncología
Zekun Lang1, Jing Zhao1, Kang Dong1
1The First School of Clinical Medicine of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China; Heart Center, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China; Gansu Provine Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China.
International immunopharmacology
|August 24, 2025
Resumen
Los tratamientos contra el cáncer pueden dañar el corazón al alterar el metabolismo cardíaco, cambiando las células de la quema de grasa a la dependencia de azúcar. Esta revisión detalla estos cambios y sugiere un monitoreo personalizado para mejores resultados para los pacientes.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Cardiología
- En el campo de la oncología
- Investigación metabólica
Sus antecedentes:
- La cardiotoxicidad es una preocupación creciente en la atención del cáncer, que afecta la supervivencia y la calidad de vida de los pacientes.
- Las terapias contra el cáncer, incluida la quimioterapia, la terapia dirigida y la inmunoterapia, pueden inducir una disfunción cardíaca.
- Comprender los cambios metabólicos en las células del corazón durante el tratamiento del cáncer es crucial para mitigar los efectos adversos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Revisar sistemáticamente los mecanismos de reprogramación metabólica cardíaca inducida por los tratamientos contra el cáncer.
- Para resaltar el impacto de varias terapias contra el cáncer en el metabolismo de las células cardíacas.
- Discutir estrategias para la detección temprana y el tratamiento de la cardiotoxicidad.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión sistemática de la literatura actual sobre la cardiotoxicidad inducida por el tratamiento del cáncer.
- Análisis de las vías metabólicas afectadas por la quimioterapia, la terapia dirigida y la inmunoterapia.
- Exploración del papel del "efecto Warburg inverso" en las células cardíacas.
Principales resultados:
- Los tratamientos contra el cáncer promueven un cambio en el metabolismo cardíaco de la oxidación de ácidos grasos a la glucólisis.
- El metabolismo lipídico anormal, el estrés oxidativo y la inflamación contribuyen al deterioro de la función cardíaca.
- El "efecto Warburg inverso" juega un papel en la respuesta de las células cardíacas al estrés inducido por las drogas.
Conclusiones:
- Son necesarias estrategias de tratamiento personalizadas, teniendo en cuenta la tolerancia cardíaca específica de la población (por ejemplo, en niños y ancianos).
- La integración multiómica, el monitoreo dinámico y la salud digital ofrecen potencial para los sistemas de alerta temprana de cardiotoxicidad.
- La integración de la investigación básica con la práctica clínica es esencial para desarrollar un sistema de "prevención-monitoreo-tratamiento" para mejorar la seguridad del tratamiento del cáncer y los resultados de los pacientes.
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