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Elaborando las características de los PFAS para la industria china de galvanoplastia mediante análisis objetivo y no

Bo-Xuan Zhang¹, Xiang-Zhou Meng², Bao-Cang Han³

¹Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China; Ministry of Ecology and Environment Engineering Center for Urban Soil Contamination Control and Remediation, Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China.

|August 24, 2025

Resumen

Este estudio caracteriza exhaustivamente las sustancias per- y polifluoroalquilo (PFAS) en la industria de galvanoplastia de China, identificando 91 PFAS y destacando compuestos nuevos como el H-PFBA y el OBS. Los hallazgos ofrecen información crucial para la asignación de fuentes ambientales.

Área de la Ciencia:

Química del medio ambiente
La contaminación industrial
Química analítica

Sus antecedentes:

Las sustancias per- y polifluoroalquilo (PFAS) se utilizan globalmente en galvanoplastia, pero sus fuentes son poco conocidas.
La caracterización de los PFAS en los procesos industriales es vital para la evaluación y la regulación de los riesgos ambientales.

Objetivo del estudio:

Realizar una caracterización de alta resolución de los PFAS en la industria china de galvanoplastia.
Identificar y cuantificar diversos homólogos de PFAS y sus fuentes en los procesos de galvanoplastia.

Principales métodos:

Análisis combinado objetivo y no objetivo de diversas muestras de galvanoplastia (supresores de niebla, soluciones de baño, aguas residuales, lodos).
Identificación de 91 homólogos de PFAS en 14 clases utilizando técnicas analíticas avanzadas.

Principales resultados:

Se han identificado los PFAS predominantes, incluidos el PFOS, el PFHxS, el 6:2 FTSA, el 6:2 Cl-PFESA, el PFOA, el H-PFBA y el OBS.
Se descubrieron perfiles distintos de PFAS en las aguas residuales de cromado en comparación con otras aguas residuales de galvanoplastia.
H-PFBA y OBS notificados por primera vez en muestras de galvanoplastia, indicando nuevas fuentes.

Conclusiones:

El estudio proporciona la primera caracterización exhaustiva de los PFAS para el sector chino de la galvanoplastia.
Los resultados son fundamentales para comprender las fuentes de PFAS e informar las estrategias de gestión ambiental.
Anticipa un mayor uso de alternativas como 6:2 FTSA debido a los cambios regulatorios en PFOS y PFHxS.

Palabras clave:

Aguas residuales de galvanoplastia Espectrometría de masas de alta resolución Análisis no dirigido Acceso a las instalaciones

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