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Asociación entre la deshidratación y el ictus, un estudio de cohorte retrospectivo de una gran base de datos
Irene Hamrick1, Wen-Jan Tuan2, Pablo Harker3
1University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Cincinnati, Ohio.
Resumen
La deshidratación aumenta significativamente el riesgo de accidente cerebrovascular en adultos mayores, en particular la hemorragia intracerebral. Este estudio destaca la importancia de la hidratación para prevenir el accidente cerebrovascular en la población de edad avanzada.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Gerontología
- Neurología
- Salud pública
Sus antecedentes:
- El envejecimiento está asociado con un mayor riesgo de deshidratación en adultos mayores.
- La deshidratación es una preocupación común en las poblaciones geriátricas.
- Investigar el vínculo entre la deshidratación y el accidente cerebrovascular es crucial para la salud de los ancianos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Determinar la asociación entre la deshidratación y el accidente cerebrovascular en adultos de 80 años o más.
- Para analizar el riesgo de accidente cerebrovascular en adultos mayores deshidratados, incluidos los diabéticos.
- Para identificar los tipos específicos de ictus más fuertemente relacionados con la deshidratación.
Principales métodos:
- Estudio de cohorte retrospectivo utilizando la base de datos electrónica de registros de salud TriNetX (> 85 millones de pacientes).
- Incluidos adultos mayores de 80 años con encuentros de atención médica entre enero de 2018 y diciembre de 2019.
- Deshidratación identificada a través de los códigos de la CIE-10 y los resultados de laboratorio; tipos de accidente cerebrovascular (hemorragia intracerebral, accidente cerebrovascular isquémico, AIT) basados en los códigos de la CIE-10.
Principales resultados:
- Se analizaron más de 3,1 millones de adultos (80+); 563,476 estaban deshidratados.
- Las personas deshidratadas tenían entre 1,98 y 3,99 veces más probabilidades de sufrir un derrame cerebral.
- La asociación fue más fuerte para la hemorragia intracerebral (OR=3, 99); la diabetes amplificó este riesgo (OR=6, 76).
Conclusiones:
- Existe una asociación significativa entre la deshidratación y el accidente cerebrovascular en los adultos mayores.
- La hemorragia intracerebral muestra el vínculo más fuerte con la deshidratación.
- Se necesita más investigación sobre el papel de la hidratación en la prevención del accidente cerebrovascular.
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