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Cómo el lenguaje basado en el fracaso falla a nuestros pacientes
Alexandra Balshi1, Samantha A Lee2
1Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA alexandra_balshi@hms.harvard.edu.
Medical humanities
|August 24, 2025
Resumen
La jerga médica como "tratamiento fallido" puede dañar a los pacientes al implicar culpa personal. El cambio al lenguaje centrado en el paciente es crucial para mejorar las relaciones terapéuticas y los resultados de salud.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Comunicación médica
- Atención centrada en el paciente
- Psicología de la salud
Sus antecedentes:
- La terminología médica a menudo usa "tratamiento fallido" o "terapia fallida" para describir intervenciones con resultados subóptimos.
- Este lenguaje puede tener un impacto negativo en los pacientes al sugerir responsabilidad personal por los resultados influenciados por factores biológicos y sociales complejos.
- Tal terminología puede dañar la relación terapéutica y afectar negativamente a la salud mental y física del paciente.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Analizar los efectos perjudiciales del lenguaje basado en el fracaso en el discurso médico.
- Abogar por la eliminación de términos como "tratamiento fallido" del léxico médico.
- Promover la adopción de frases alternativas centradas en el paciente en la comunicación clínica.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis cualitativo del discurso médico.
- Revisión de la literatura existente sobre la comunicación entre el paciente y el proveedor.
- Desarrollo de una terminología alternativa y recomendaciones políticas.
Principales resultados:
- El lenguaje basado en el fracaso en la medicina puede llevar a la auto-culpabilidad del paciente y a una menor adherencia al tratamiento.
- El uso de tales términos socava la confianza y la colaboración esenciales para una atención sanitaria eficaz.
- Las frases alternativas pueden fomentar una experiencia de apoyo y empoderamiento para el paciente.
Conclusiones:
- Eliminar el lenguaje de "tratamiento fallido" es esencial para la práctica médica ética.
- La adopción de estrategias de comunicación centradas en el paciente mejora las relaciones terapéuticas y el bienestar del paciente.
- Se recomiendan cambios en las políticas que apoyen la terminología médica revisada para mejorar la comunicación de la atención médica.
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