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Polymorphism refers to the existence of a drug substance in multiple crystalline forms, known as polymorphs. Recently, this term has been expanded to include solvates (forms containing a solvent), amorphous forms (non-crystalline forms), and desolvated solvates (forms from which the solvent has been removed).
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For any given polymer, the weight average molecular weight (Mw) is higher than, if not equal to, the number average molecular weight (Mn). The only situation in which the weight average molecular weight and the number average molecular weight are equal is when a polymer consists only of chains with equal molecular weight. However, this never happens in a synthetic polymer, since it is difficult to control the polymerization process up to a molecular level with accuracy to a hundred percent.
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Solubility equilibria are established when the dissolution and precipitation of a solute species occur at equal rates. These equilibria underlie many natural and technological processes, ranging from tooth decay to water purification. An understanding of the factors affecting compound solubility is, therefore, essential to the effective management of these processes. This section applies previously introduced equilibrium concepts and tools to systems involving dissolution and precipitation.
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Marco basado en datos para predecir de manera robusta el parámetro de solubilidad de diversos polímeros

Raouf Hassan1, Mohammad Reza Kazemi2

  • 1Civil Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, 13318, Saudi Arabia.

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|August 24, 2025
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Los modelos de aprendizaje automático predicen con precisión los parámetros de solubilidad del polímero utilizando varias características de entrada. CatBoost, las redes neuronales artificiales (ANN) y las redes neuronales convolucionales (CNN) demostraron un rendimiento superior en la predicción de la solubilidad del polímero.

Palabras clave:
Modelos basados en datosAprendizaje automáticoPolímeros y sus derivadosAnálisis SHAPSolubilidad

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Ciencias de los Polímeros
  • Química computacional
  • Ciencias de los materiales

Sus antecedentes:

  • La predicción precisa de los parámetros de solubilidad del polímero es crucial para la selección y el procesamiento del material.
  • La comprensión de las complejas relaciones entre las propiedades del polímero y la solubilidad es esencial para el desarrollo de nuevos materiales.
  • Los métodos existentes para determinar los parámetros de solubilidad pueden consumir mucho tiempo y recursos.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Desarrollar y evaluar modelos de aprendizaje automático (ML) para la predicción precisa de los parámetros de solubilidad de polímeros.
  • Identificar los descriptores moleculares clave que influyen en la solubilidad del polímero.
  • Mejorar la interpretabilidad y la fiabilidad predictiva de los modelos ML en la ciencia de los polímeros.

Principales métodos:

  • Se utilizó un conjunto de datos de 1.799 puntos de datos de solubilidad de polímeros, preprocesados con detección de valores atípicos de Monte Carlo.
  • Entrenó y comparó múltiples algoritmos de ML, incluida la regresión lineal, SVM, bosques aleatorios, máquinas de aumento de gradiente, ANN y CNN.
  • El rendimiento del modelo evaluado utilizando el cuadrado de R, el RMSE, el MRD%, las gráficas cruzadas, las gráficas de desviación y el análisis SHAP.

Principales resultados:

  • Los modelos CatBoost, ANN y CNN lograron una precisión superior en la predicción de los parámetros de solubilidad del polímero.
  • El análisis de sensibilidad confirmó que todas las características de entrada influyeron en el parámetro de solubilidad.
  • El análisis SHAP identificó la constante dieléctrica como el predictor más significativo de la solubilidad del polímero.

Conclusiones:

  • Los modelos ML, en particular CatBoost, ANN y CNN, ofrecen un enfoque eficiente y preciso para pronosticar los parámetros de solubilidad del polímero.
  • Los descriptores moleculares clave, especialmente la constante dieléctrica, juegan un papel vital en la determinación de la solubilidad del polímero.
  • Los modelos desarrollados proporcionan información valiosa sobre las relaciones estructura-propiedad, mejorando la comprensión científica y las capacidades predictivas en la ciencia de los polímeros.