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Los ARN no codificantes regulan la autofagia en la enfermedad renal: ¿amigo o enemigo?

Yankun Li¹, Tongtong Ma², Xinhua Liang¹

¹Department of Nephrology, National Clinical Key Specialty Construction Program (2023); Institute of Nephrology; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Autophagy and Major Chronic Non-communicable Diseases; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City; Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.

|August 25, 2025

Resumen

Los ARN no codificantes ofrecen un enfoque prometedor y específico del tejido para regular la autofagia en la enfermedad renal, evitando potencialmente los efectos secundarios asociados con los tratamientos químicos tradicionales.

Área de la Ciencia:

Biología celular
Biología molecular
Nefrología

Sus antecedentes:

La autofagia es crucial para la salud de las células renales, pero su desregulación (excesiva o insuficiente) está relacionada con la progresión de la enfermedad renal.
Los tratamientos químicos actuales para modular la autofagia pueden causar efectos secundarios fuera del objetivo en otros órganos.
Los ARN no codificantes (ARNnc) son moléculas específicas de los tejidos que pueden regular con precisión la expresión génica, incluidas las involucradas en la autofagia.

Objetivo del estudio:

Revisar el papel de los ARN no codificantes en la modulación de la autofagia durante la enfermedad renal.
Explorar el potencial terapéutico de los ncRNA para el tratamiento de la enfermedad renal.
Analizar las pruebas de los estudios in vitro, in vivo y clínicos.

Principales métodos:

Revisión de la literatura y análisis de la investigación existente sobre los ncRNA y la enfermedad renal.
Examen de los estudios que investigan el impacto de los ncRNA en las vías de autofagia en las células renales.
Síntesis de los resultados de los ensayos in vitro, in vivo y clínicos.

Principales resultados:

Los ARN no codificantes muestran efectos significativos en la regulación de la autofagia en el contexto de la enfermedad renal.
La autofagia desregulada, influenciada por los ncRNA, contribuye a la patogénesis de la enfermedad renal.
Los ncRNA muestran potencial para intervenciones terapéuticas dirigidas con menos efectos secundarios sistémicos.

Conclusiones:

Los ARN no codificantes representan una vía terapéutica nueva y específica para el manejo de enfermedades renales al apuntar a la autofagia.
La investigación adicional en terapias basadas en el ncRNA podría conducir a tratamientos más efectivos y seguros para los trastornos renales.
La comprensión de la modulación de la autofagia mediada por ncRNA es clave para avanzar en las terapias de nefrología.

Palabras clave:

circRNA (en inglés)Enfermedad renal En el ADN y miRNA Medicina de precisión objetivos terapéuticos

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