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La inflamación pulmonar sostenida después de la infección por SARS-CoV-2 en ratones está asociada con el aumento de

Sophie Y Guan¹, Patricia P Ogger¹, Ana Farias¹

¹Respiratory Infections Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK.

European journal of immunology

|August 25, 2025

Resumen

Un nuevo modelo de ratón revela inflamación pulmonar persistente después de la infección por SARS-CoV-2, incluso después del aclaramiento viral. Este modelo destaca el papel de las células T en los síntomas pulmonares a largo plazo, ayudando a la investigación de los efectos posteriores de COVID-19.

Área de la Ciencia:

Inmunología
Virología
Pulmonología

Sus antecedentes:

Muchos pacientes con SARS-CoV-2 sufren problemas pulmonares crónicos y inflamación después de la infección.
La inmunopatología exacta que impulsa estos efectos a largo plazo no está clara debido a los limitados modelos animales.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para investigar las consecuencias pulmonares a largo plazo de la infección por SARS-CoV-2.
Establecer y utilizar un modelo animal adecuado para el estudio de la inflamación pulmonar persistente.

Principales métodos:

Se utilizó un cruce genético de 129 ratones y ratones transgénicos B6-K18-hACE2.
Los ratones fueron infectados con una dosis baja de SARS-CoV-2 ancestral.
La inflamación pulmonar y la presencia de células inmunes se analizaron hasta 28 días después de la infección.

Principales resultados:

Eliminación viral completa y recuperación de peso al día 8 después de la infección.
La inflamación prolongada de los pulmones y las vías respiratorias persistió hasta el día 28.
La inflamación se asoció con las células T CD4+ y CD8+, especialmente con las células T efectoras CD8+.

Conclusiones:

El modelo de ratón 129xB6-K18-hACE2 imita efectivamente la inflamación pulmonar a largo plazo después de la infección por SARS-CoV-2.
Este modelo es valioso para comprender los impulsores de la inflamación pulmonar crónica.
Se puede usar para probar estrategias terapéuticas para complicaciones pulmonares posteriores a COVID-19.

Palabras clave:

Células T Respuestas inmunológicas enfermedades infecciosas inflamación Inflamación de los pulmones

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