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Tuberculosis pancreática que se manifiesta como masa pancreática: un informe de caso
Amit Kumar Meena1, Yashasvi Agarwal2, Nikhil Batra1
1Gastroenterology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belagavi, IND.
Cureus
|August 25, 2025
Resumen
La tuberculosis pancreática (TB) es una enfermedad rara que puede imitar el cáncer de páncreas en individuos inmunocompetentes. El diagnóstico precoz y el tratamiento antituberculoso conducen a una recuperación completa.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Enfermedades infecciosas
- Gastroenterología
- En el campo de la oncología
Sus antecedentes:
- La tuberculosis (TB) sigue siendo un importante problema de salud mundial, que afecta principalmente a los países de ingresos bajos y medios.
- La tuberculosis extrapulmonar, incluida la afectación del páncreas, es poco común y difícil de diagnosticar.
- La TB pancreática aislada en pacientes inmunocompetentes es excepcionalmente rara y a menudo se pasa por alto en el diagnóstico diferencial de las masas pancreáticas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para presentar un caso aislado de tuberculosis pancreática en una joven inmunocompetente.
- Hacer hincapié en la importancia de considerar la tuberculosis pancreática en el diagnóstico diferencial de las masas pancreáticas.
- Para resaltar los desafíos de diagnóstico y los resultados exitosos del tratamiento.
Principales métodos:
- Informe de caso de una mujer inmunocompetente de 26 años que presenta dolor epigástrico, náuseas, vómitos y pérdida de peso.
- La tomografía computarizada con contraste abdominal (TC) reveló una masa pancreática.
- Histopatología y Prueba de Amplificación de Ácido Nucleico Basado en Cartuchos (CBNAAT) y coloración de Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) del líquido quístico aspirado confirmó * Mycobacterium tuberculosis *.
Principales resultados:
- El diagnóstico inicial fue carcinoma pancreático basado en los hallazgos de la TC.
- La histopatología reveló un proceso supurativo agudo.
- La coloración CBNAAT y ZN confirmó la tuberculosis, lo que condujo a un tratamiento exitoso con terapia antituberculosa.
- Resolución completa de los síntomas y normalización de las imágenes pancreáticas en el seguimiento.
Conclusiones:
- La tuberculosis pancreática debe considerarse en el diagnóstico diferencial de las masas pancreáticas, incluso en pacientes inmunocompetentes de regiones endémicas de TB.
- El diagnóstico precoz y la terapia antituberculosa adecuada pueden conducir a una recuperación completa.
- Este caso subraya la necesidad de un alto índice de sospecha para presentaciones raras de enfermedades infecciosas comunes.
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