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Uso de sustancias entre atletas universitarios frente a no atletas

Jonathan Charest¹, Michael A Grandner¹, Amy B Athey¹

¹Centre for Sleep & Human Performance, Calgary, Alberta, Canada (JC); the School of Psychology, Laval University, Québec City, Québec, Canada (JC); the Department of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada (JC); the Departments of Psychiatry (MAG) and Psychology (ABA), University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona; the School of Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland (DM); and the School of Medicine & Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC (RWT).

Athletic training & sports health care

|August 25, 2025

Resumen

Los atletas universitarios informan un mayor consumo de alcohol en el pasado y un uso frecuente de tabaco sin humo en comparación con los no atletas. Estas diferencias pueden derivarse del rendimiento, el dolor o las necesidades de manejo del estrés.

Área de la Ciencia:

Medicina del deporte
Salud pública
Investigación sobre el uso de sustancias

Sus antecedentes:

El abuso de sustancias es una preocupación en las poblaciones colegiadas.
Las investigaciones existentes se centran a menudo en una gama limitada de sustancias.
La salud mental, el sueño y el consumo de sustancias están interconectados.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para ampliar la comprensión del abuso de sustancias entre los atletas universitarios.
Examinar una gama más amplia de sustancias más allá de los ámbitos de investigación típicos.
Investigar la relación entre el consumo de sustancias y los síntomas de salud mental en los atletas.

Principales métodos:

Encuesta que evalúa el uso de sustancias en los últimos 30 días en 17 sustancias.
Análisis de regresión logística multinomial comparando atletas y no atletas.
Inclusión de las covariables de los síntomas de salud mental relacionadas con el sueño y el consumo de sustancias.

Principales resultados:

Los atletas universitarios mostraron un consumo de alcohol significativamente mayor en el pasado en comparación con los no atletas.
Los atletas eran más propensos a ser usuarios ocasionales de tabaco sin humo, alcohol y esteroides.
El uso frecuente de tabaco sin humo también fue más frecuente entre los atletas universitarios.

Conclusiones:

Existen diferencias significativas en los patrones de consumo de sustancias entre los atletas universitarios y los no atletas.
Estos patrones pueden estar influenciados por factores como la mejora del rendimiento, el dolor o el manejo del estrés.
Se necesitan más investigaciones para comprender los comportamientos de consumo de sustancias no informados en este grupo demográfico.

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