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Pensamiento negativo persistente, autocontrol y funcionamiento ejecutivo en síntomas de depresión y ansiedad: un
Janet M Lopez1, Sophie Lohmann2, Yara Mekawi3
1Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania.
Resumen
Los déficits de autocontrol predicen síntomas de depresión y ansiedad, que luego conducen a pensamientos negativos perseverantes. El entrenamiento del autocontrol y la regulación emocional pueden ofrecer nuevas vías de tratamiento para estas condiciones.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Psicología
- Psicología clínica
- La neurociencia
Sus antecedentes:
- El pensamiento negativo persistente, el autocontrol y el funcionamiento ejecutivo están implicados en la depresión y la ansiedad.
- Los modelos existentes vinculan estas construcciones, pero sus roles etiológicos precisos requieren síntesis.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para sintetizar la investigación sobre el pensamiento negativo perseverante, el autocontrol y el funcionamiento ejecutivo.
- Definir el papel etiológico de estos factores en los síntomas de depresión y ansiedad.
- Examinar las asociaciones transversales y longitudinales.
Principales métodos:
- Metaanálisis de 223 estudios con 239 muestras independientes (N = 50.987).
- Se incluyen datos transversales y longitudinales (28 muestras longitudinales).
- Análisis de trayectoria para examinar las relaciones predictivas.
Principales resultados:
- Los déficits de autocontrol predicen aumentos en los síntomas de depresión y ansiedad.
- Los síntomas de depresión y ansiedad predicen aumentos en el pensamiento negativo persistente.
- Los hallazgos fueron consistentes en los análisis transversales y longitudinales.
Conclusiones:
- La disminución del autocontrol es un predictor de depresión y ansiedad.
- Estos síntomas de salud mental, a su vez, fomentan el pensamiento negativo persistente.
- Las intervenciones dirigidas al autocontrol y la regulación emocional pueden ser tratamientos efectivos.
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