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Síndrome de la persona rígida - Manejo de un trastorno autoinmune raro en un entorno de bajos recursos: un informe de
C Ikechukwu1,2, M Onyedika1, E Nwazor3
1Department of Internal Medicine, Federal University Teaching Hospital, Owerri, Nigeria.
Annals of Ibadan postgraduate medicine
|August 25, 2025
Resumen
El síndrome de la persona rígida (SPS), un trastorno neurológico raro, causa rigidez muscular y espasmos. El diagnóstico precoz es crucial, especialmente en las zonas de escasos recursos, para prevenir la discapacidad y gestionar esta condición de manera efectiva.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Neurología
- Inmunología
Sus antecedentes:
- El síndrome de la persona rígida (SPS) es un trastorno autoinmune neurológico raro.
- Se caracteriza por rigidez muscular progresiva y espasmos dolorosos, que a menudo conducen a la discapacidad.
- Los autoanticuerpos contra la descarboxilasa del ácido glutámico (anti-GAD) están asociados con el SPS.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para reportar un caso de síndrome de persona rígida en una mujer nigeriana.
- Para resaltar los desafíos de diagnóstico en entornos con pocos recursos.
- Para discutir las limitaciones del tratamiento.
Principales métodos:
- Presentación del caso clínico.
- Pruebas serológicas de anticuerpos anti-ADG.
Principales resultados:
- Una mujer nigeriana de 63 años se presentó con dolor lumbar progresivo, rigidez y espasmos, lo que la llevó a perder la capacidad de caminar y a la depresión.
- Se detectaron anticuerpos anti-GAD de alto título, confirmando el diagnóstico de SPS.
- La escalada del tratamiento se vio obstaculizada por la limitada disponibilidad y costo de la inmunoterapia.
Conclusiones:
- El diagnóstico de SPS requiere un alto índice de sospecha, especialmente en entornos con recursos limitados.
- El retraso en el diagnóstico y el acceso al tratamiento son desafíos importantes en la gestión de la SPS.
- Abordar la accesibilidad y la asequibilidad de la atención médica es vital para el manejo de trastornos neurológicos raros como el SPS.
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