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El derrame bidireccional de hidrógeno permite catalizadores de alta actividad para baterías de hidrógeno recargables
Yidi Wang1, Hongxu Liu1, Zhenshan Lv1
1Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China.
Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)
|August 25, 2025
Resumen
Los investigadores desarrollaron un nuevo catalizador Ru-WO3 para baterías de hidrógeno recargables, mejorando significativamente la evolución del hidrógeno y las reacciones de oxidación (HER/HOR) en medios ácidos. Este avance ofrece una solución prometedora para el almacenamiento de energía a gran escala eficiente y estable.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La electroquímica
- Ciencias de los materiales
- Almacenamiento de energía
Sus antecedentes:
- Las baterías de hidrógeno recargables muestran potencial para el almacenamiento de energía a gran escala debido a la actividad electroquímica superior en medios ácidos.
- El desarrollo de electrocatalizadores bifuncionales eficientes para la evolución del hidrógeno y las reacciones de oxidación (HER/HOR) en medios ácidos es crucial pero desafiante.
- Los catalizadores convencionales a base de platino tienen limitaciones para lograr una alta actividad y estabilidad a largo plazo.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Introducir una estrategia bidireccional de derrame de hidrógeno para los catalizadores sinérgicos bifuncionales HER/HOR.
- Desarrollar y evaluar un nuevo catalizador Ru-WO3 cultivado en espuma de cobre (Ru-WO3@CF) para baterías de hidrógeno.
- Explorar la viabilidad del derrame bidireccional de hidrógeno para mejorar la actividad catalítica.
Principales métodos:
- Fabricación de un catalizador de Ru-WO3 en espuma de cobre (Ru-WO3@CF).
- Caracterización electroquímica del rendimiento de HER y HOR en 0,5 M H2SO4.
- Montaje y ensayo de una batería de hidrógeno utilizando el electrodo Ru-WO3@CF en un rango de temperaturas.
Principales resultados:
- El electrodo Ru-WO3@CF exhibió una excelente bifuncionalidad HER/HOR en medios ácidos.
- Se obtiene un sobrepotencial HER ultrabajo de 17 mV a 10 mA cm-2 y una densidad de corriente HOR de 21,5 mA cm-2 a 50 mV.
- Superó los parámetros de referencia comerciales de Pt/C en la actividad HER/HOR y demostró un rendimiento excepcional en una batería de hidrógeno fabricada.
Conclusiones:
- La estrategia bidireccional de derrame de hidrógeno mejora efectivamente las actividades catalíticas sinérgicas bifuncionales para HER/HOR.
- El catalizador Ru-WO3@CF presenta un avance prometedor para las baterías de hidrógeno de alto rendimiento.
- Este estudio proporciona nuevos conocimientos para el diseño de electrocatalizadores avanzados para aplicaciones de almacenamiento de energía.
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